Kingdom of Cayor
The Royaume of Cayor is an old kingdom of the Senegal (1566 - 1886) located between the rivers Senegal and Saloum.
History
Cayor was a vassal kingdom of the empire of the Djolof which took its independence in 1549. According to the historical research, they are the high taxes and the feeling of humiliation (indeed the vassal kingdoms were to provide sand in other gifts to the sovereign of Djolof, which increased the feeling of anger of the aristocracy of Cayor). European and Arab travellers reported even this independence but it is Venetian the Alvise Ca' Da Mosto which in perhaps spoke the most at the time of its voyage on the coasts of Senegal in 1455.Cayor was directed by the Damel which arrived at the capacity according to a filiation matrilinéaire. Cayor was divided into lamanats (composed of village communities) directed by of Lamanes, the latter electing in their turn Paleen-Dedd which was the intermediary between Damel and Lamanes. The latter held the capacity on the grounds which they could yield to the new arrivals. They held moreover the capacity to raise the tax on behalf of Damel. Lamans held also some to be able of police force. They are the chiefs of the village communities which named Lamans.
Lamanes were each year to be presented in front of Damel to restore the taxes. In the event of not-payment of the taxes, the village communities and the lamanats incurred great risks because Damel and the aristocracy of Cayor very regularly practiced plundering ( lël ) and the taking of hostages.
With the arrival of Europeans and the beginning of the Atlantic trade, certain territories escaped sovereignty from Damel. It is the case initially territories which like Dakar, were yielded to Europeans under the terms of agreements. Other territories, old counters of the draft négrière, were taken again to the Portuguese (the first Europeans in Senegal) and by the French: it is the case of Gorée (which passed to the Dutchmen and to the British several times), and Portugal, later Rufisque (Rio Fresco). North, the creation of the counter of draft of Saint-Louis allowed the territories bordering belonging to Cayor to grow rich and express inclinations of independence.
The last Damel de Cayor was Lat Dior, overcome and killed by the French in 1886.
See too
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