Karaganda

Karaganda (Қарағанды) is a city of the Kazakhstan also known under the name Russian of Qaraghandy and located in the Oblys de Karaganda of which it is the administrative capital. With 446.200 inhabitants (census of 2005), Qaraghandy is the third most important city of the country after Almaty and Astana. Its population however knows a certain decline since the fall of the the USSR. Karaganda is an important industrial, especially known center for its coal mines and its iron and steel industry. It also shelters many agro-alimentary firms. This coed city was a long time the second city of Kazakhstan, before the fulgurating development of the new capital Astana, and its universities and its theaters remain famous in the country.

Construction of the city

The construction of the city, on an uninhabited site, begins in 1934 pennies the direction from the architect and town planner Alexandre Ivanovitch Kouznetsov (АлександрИвановичКузнецов) and from a team from Muscovite architects. City new, initially built to shelter 300.000 people (a number of inhabitants whom it will reach only during the Années 1960), was intended for the exploitation of the coal layers present on its site. During the Second world war, prisoners of war (mainly Japanese) will paticiperont with the construction of the city. At the end of the Years 1960, a new schedule construction of great scale is launched to a few kilometers in the south-east of Karaganda. It gives rise to one second new city which becomes gradually the new center town and shelters the pricipaux bâtments public. Today, the first city is partially abandoned.

Climate

Personalities having lived where having been born in Karaganda and in its surroundings

Aslan Maskhadov, one of the leaders of the separatist movement Tchétchène, was born the September 21st 1951 in Chakaï, in the Oblys de Karaganda.
Akhmad Kadyrov, president of the Republic of Chetchnia of June 2003 to October 2004, was born the August 23rd 1951 in Karaganda.
Alexandre Soljenitsyne, Russian writer, lived in exile with Karaganda of 1953 with 1956.
Toktar Aubakirov, the first Kazakh Cosmonaut , was born in Karaganda the July 27th 1946
Nurken Abdirov, fighter pilot died in the combat during the Second world war and Héros of the Soviet Union, was born in 1919 in the area from Qaraghandy.
Vladimir Muravyov, athlete, Olympic champion.
Dmitriy Karpov, athlete decathlon, recordmen of Asia.
Eduard Hämäläinen, Belorusse athlete, then Finnish.

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