Kainuu

|----- |Capital || Kajaani |----- | Population (2005 are)


Densité || 85.303
row: 18th

3.5/km ²

|----- | Surface || 24.452 km ²
rang: 3rd |}

The Kainuu is a area is Finland creates by the reform of 1997. Its creation corresponded to the requirement expressed by the local population to obtain more administrative autonomy compared to the provincial government of Oulu. According to the compromise, the area always belongs to the Province of Oulu but is separated from the area of Ostrobotnie of North. The area is bordered in the east by the Russia, in north by the Ostrobotnie of North, in the south by the Savonie of North and the Karelia of North. In the western part the big lake Oulujärvi extends.

The area, is one of poorest of Finland, struck full whip by the rural migration and losing to 100 inhabitants not month. The local economy depends more than ever of the factories on Pulp paper.

The council of area from now on is elected by the vote for all. The example is single in Finland but could be generalized in the future.

to see article on the Areas of Finland

Geography

The area is bordered in the east by the Russia, in north by the Ostrobotnie of North, in the south by the Savonie of North and the Karelia of North. In the western part the big lake Oulujärvi extends. It is very largely forest (80% of surface except lakes), of the very wild and populated forests Ours and of wolves. The relief is accentuated more than in the south, but without true mountains nor hills of more than 400 meters. The area incarnates with wonder Is wild so important in the imaginary one of Finnish - and besides one finds there several fields of excursion and protected areas very appraisals by the inhabitants of the cities of the south.

History

Before the 17th century, the area was populated only Lappish hunters . In 1595, the Traité of Teusina delimits the border between the Sweden and the Russia. It is then the general governor of Finland Per Brahe which launches the development of the area by melting the first city (Kajaani in 1651) and by granting a freedom from tax 10 years to the farmers settling in the area. It was necessary to strengthen the capacity of the Swedish crown on this zone coveted by Russia. The colonists primarily came from Savonie (Savo), from where strong resemblance of the local dialect to that of Savonie. The area was not saved by the wars with Russia, in particular the Great War of North, with in particular the destruction of the castle of Kajaani in March 1716. Then the area grows rich with the production by vegetable Goudron at the 19th century, exported by the Rivière of Oulu to the port of Oulu. With the beginning of the year 1830, the area is traversed by Elias Lönnrot which lays down on paper the oral tradition of the area and the Kalevala draws some, the epopee of the Finnish people.

Industrialization late (20th century) and was limited.

Very violent ones engagements take place in 1939 - 1940, during the Guerre of Winter against the Soviet Union, in particular with Kuhmo and Suomussalmi. They show decisive defensive victories for Finland which preserves its independence.

Communes

Kainuu comprises only 10 communes including 2 cities. The cities are marked in fat. Because of the fall of the population and her ageing, the communes try to coordinate their very expensive departments of health at the regional level, which is new in Finland and could precede an evolution of the allocation of resources and responsibilities between the various communities.

  1. Hyrynsalmi

  2. Kajaani ( Kajana in Swedish)
  3. Kuhmo
  4. Paltamo
  5. Puolanka
  6. Ristijärvi
  7. Sotkamo
  8. Suomussalmi
  9. Vaala
  10. Vuolijoki (will amalgamate with Kajaani to the 1.1.2007)

External bonds

  • Official site of the area

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