Kabul

Capital Kabul , and more big city of Afghanistan with a population of 3 million inhabitants, is the economic and cultural center of Afghanistan, occupying a strategic place in a narrow valley to 1765 m of altitude, along the river of the same name.

The city, known of the Greeks under the names of Orthospana and Kabura , is quoted in the Rig Veda like the city of Kûbhâna .

It is connected to Peshawar by the Passe of Khyber, but also with the border of the Ouzbékistan via a tunnel passing under the mountains of the Hindū-Kūsh.

The old city is filled with bazaars along its narrow and sinuous streets.

In Kabul is notemment a university, founded in 1922, an important museum, the tomb and the gardens of Babur, the Mausolée of Mohammad Nadir Shah (father of Mohammed Zaher Chah, last king d' Afghanistan), the Minar-i-Istiklal or column of independence set up in 1919 after the Third war anglo-Afghan, the tomb of Timur Shah, as well as a big number of Mosquée S. the Bala Hissar, a fort destroyed in reprisals by the Britanniques in 1879 for the death of their envoy, was rebuilt and rehabilitated in military university.

Out of the city itself, are a citadel and the royal palace.

History of the city

The history of Kabul is a three thousand year succession of destruction and rebuildings. The city is taken by the Arab at the 7th century, then transformed into provincial capital by Bâbur and its descendants moghols.

In 1302, a war destrutrice made more than 3.000.000 of deaths.

Nâdir Shâh of Perse seizes in 1738, and becomes of it the capital of Afghanistan in 1773. It is then conquered by the British army in 1839. In 1842, during the anglo-Afghan Wars, the Britaniques troops sets fire to it partially in reprisals of a ambush into which they had fallen while being withdrawn under white flag. The British take again the city in 1879 following the massacre of the British civils servant.

The Soviet occupy it, the December 23rd 1979, and make their command center of it during the conflict which opposes the government pro-Soviet and the rebels moudjahidines during ten years.

The American Ambassade in Kabul is closed the January 30th 1989, then the city falls between the hands from the rival factions after collapse in 1992 from the government from Najibullah. She knows the chaos of the civil war then.

The Taliban S seize some in 1996 and pacify it, by imposing on its population a mode of rigorous religious orthodoxy. They give up it the November 12th 2001 under the pressure of the American army which support its opponents. Following the events of the September 11th, 2001, it passes under the control of the Alliance of North.

Sources

See too

Afghan National museum:

Be-X-old: Кабул Simple: Kabul

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