Kabîr
Kabîr (कबीर) is a poet, philosopher and reformer religious major Vishnou ite of the India of north, born with Vârânasî towards 1398 and deceased with Gorakhpur in the Années 1440 (N.B.: the dates concerning its life are discussed, certain sources give like dates about 1440 for its birth and 1518 for its death, in the same way a great number of events are known only by the legends transmitted by its disciples. )
This legend affirms that Kabîr is the abandoned son of a Brahmane, found floating on a lotus on Lahar Talgo, a pond close to Vârânasî, by a couple of tisserands Moslem, Nîru and his Nîmâ wife which raise it by teaching their art to him and in the faith Musulman E. It is supposed to have lived the major part of its life with Bénarès before settling in Maghar in the district of Gorakhpur where it finishes its life.
Kabîr is supposed to have studied under the direction of Râmânanda, a Master famous vishnouite of the time, enthusiastic follower of the Bhakti but which however refuses to inform the basic Moslems and Hindus caste. The legend tells that wishing to be made admit like disciple, it goes on the Ghât S where Râmânanda makes its ablutions and persuades it to accept it among its pupils. Following that, and filled by the intelligence of Kabîr, Râmânanda opinion changes and accepts all the types of disciples.
This tendency to syncretism at the time seems current thing in India of north. The teaching of the first gurus Sikh, being inspired partly by its teaching, also aims the transcendence of the distinctions between the mystical currents of the Hindouisme and the Islam.
Moreover, he affirms that any religion which is not love is only heresy, that the Yoga and penitence, the Jeûne and alms without meditation are meaningless. He refuses any distinction of race, caste, religion and sign the absolute equality of all the human beings. He mixes in his practice with the elements hindouist and Moslem, declaring the unit of god, using the name of Rāma which for him means that which gives us the joy and not as a misadventure of Vishnou and the Islamic term “Rahim” meaning the supremely miséricordieux one. He condemns also the few sacrifices of animals still practiced by the Brahmans for the needs for the worship, following in that Buddhist teaching which had almost made them disappear from India. He recommends also the Végétarisme.
The Râja of Vârânasî counts among its pupils what is worth to him to be able to teach without fearing persecution.
Towards the end of its life, in contradiction with the aspiration hindouist, it leaves Vârânasî, the city where it is necessary to die, to settle in the cursed area of Gorakhpur supposed being because those which die there are supposed réincarner in ass. With its death, Hindus and Moslems claim his body to practice the funerary rites in conformity with their religion. The legend tells that under the shroud, only one heap of flowers is which are divided, a part is buried, the other burned.
Simple: Kabir
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