Jump with the pole

The jump with the pole is an athletic activity.

Necessary qualities to jump to the pole recover the whole of athletic qualities: speed, resistance, flexibility, force.

Stages of a jump

Catch of marks

It is a question of leaving the suitable place so that the pole comes to be planted exactly in the stop… The Prise marks is determined by the amplitude (5 to 8 feet) and the number of treads (10 to 20) according to the level of the athlete.

Race of dash

It must be gradually accelerated. At the beginning, to start in a full way; the goal is then to increase the frequency while keeping an important amplitude, which results in increasing the rate of travel. Speed of arrival in zone of impulse is paramount, since it determines the quantity of energy which could be transmitted to the pole, then to the jumper so that it can cross the bar. There exist several ways of springing for a race of dash: either the pole vaulter begins his race starting from a certain point from the running track (not which must be before given by the catch of marks), or it uses a " pre-élan". Method of " pre-élan" consist in springing a few meters before its own brand in order to acquire an initial speed to pass on its mark, and to continue its race of dash.

Impulse

It is a very important stage of the jump, since it will determine the trajectory of the projectile (the jumper) in the air. The impulse must be directed to the top, “to relieve” the pole, but also forwards, “it to advance”, because if not one is likely to fall down on the track… The optimal angle of impulse in jump to the pole is at the neighborhoods of 30°. One can confront two different styles of impulses, both used by large international pole vaulters. First of all, the style " russe" who rests more on the stretching of the higher arm, with a less dominating lower arm of the gesture. Contrary to this one, the style " français" , rests to him more on one attack left arm tended, than on the stretching right-hand man (here for a droitier). These two styles are found confronted with the more high level, and it is impossible to define which of both is most powerful, it is with each one its own style.

The crossing of the bar

As from the moment when the pole vaulter leaves the ground, one can regard this one as a gymnaste… Indeed, there are many resemblances between the gesture of the pole vaulter, and that of a gymnaste with the Barre fixes for example. The kinetic energy accumulated during the race is transmitted to the pole in the form of inflection (potential energy). This inflection is used by the pole vaulter, via an adequate placement, to be made " catapulter" : it then recovers the energy which it previously transmitted to the pole.

Material

If the poles were initially in Bambou, the revolution of materials made it possible to reach other tops. The current poles are containing glass fibers, flexible and resistant. The last evolutions incorporate carbon fibers, in order to increase resistance and/or to reduce the poles. For the same resistance, a lighter pole will make it possible to the pole vaulter more quickly to run, and thus to have more energy to transmit to the pole.

Some figures

  • a pole can measure approximately 1 m for the poles of initiation for the children (they are then rigid and do not fold), up to 5,30 m for longest.

  • a race of dash makes forty meters.
  • the world records is currently of 6,14 m since 1994, it is held by the Ukrainian Sergueï Bubka.
  • the female world records is of 5,01 m and is held by the Russian Yelena Isinbayeva, obtained the August 12th 2005 at the time of the Championnats of the world of athletics 2005.
  • There exist 12 pole vaulters at present having crossed the mythical bar of the 6 meters.

The large (E) S pole vaulters

Pole vaulters having crossed the bar of the 6 meters

World records

  • World records of the jump to the pole men
  • World records of the jump to the pole women

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