Jules Vallès

Jules Vallès (born with the Puy-en-Velay the June 11th 1832 and deceased with Paris the February 14th 1885) is a journalist, writer and politician French.

Founder of the newspaper the Cry of the People , it is one of the elected of the Commune of Paris. Condemned to death, it had to be exiled with London (of 1871 with 1880).

Biography

the Child

Jules Vallès is born the June 11th 1832 with the Puy (Haute-Loire) like third child from Louis Valles and appears as Louis Jules Vallez with the Civil statue.

In 1839 it enters to the royal Collège of Puy.

In 1840, Jules enters to the royal Collège of Saint-Etienne where it will remain 6th with 3rd and where his/her father is elementary Master, in class of 7th. Jules enters in 3rd in 1845 to the royal Collège of Nantes where his/her father is named professor.

1847 - 1848: Jules Vallès in class of Rhetoric to the royal College, then with the college of Nantes.

September 1848: First voyage of Jules Vallès to Paris; Bonaparte college (current College Condorcet), Lemeignan Pension. 2nd class of Rhetoric.

the graduate

1846-1850 : Jules Valles enters in class of philosophy to the college of Nantes. Failure with the baccalaureat, Rennes.
October 1850: Return to Paris to prepare the Teacher training school.
December 31st, 1851: Jules Valles recalled to Nantes by his father, is interned with the asylum of Nantes for “mental derangement”.
At the end of February 1852: Two doctor's certificates of the same doctor certify: Jules Valles is cured. The Nantes friends of Jules Valles had threatened to shout with the scandal.
May 1852: Jules Valles obtains his baccalaureat.
1853: Jules Valles is registered in right to Paris. Plot of the Comic Opera: Jules Valles and Arthur Ranc are imprisoned with Mazas (Prisons of Paris).
1855: Jules Valles is the secretary of Gustave Planche.
1857: Died of the father. First delivers not signed the Money .
1860: Jules Valles is employed with the Town hall of Vaugirard at the office of the births. Meet with Hector Malot.
1862-1863: Jules Valles “pawn” with the college of Caen, follows the courses of Faculty, failure to the license of Letters.
1863-1864: Return to the Town hall of Vaugirard. Great article with the Barber : the Refractories .
1864-1865: Journalist with the Progress of Lyon . It sends articles to Paris.
1865: Room of the Great East, street Junior, conference on Balzac. Jules Valles is returned Town hall of Vaugirard. Journalist with the Time . First book signed Vallès , the Refractories .
1866: Travel to Lyon and in Saint-Etienne, his/her mother visits. Second signed book, the Street .
1867: Jules Vallès founds its first newspaper the Street . Travel in Périgord.

the insurrectionist

1868: the Street cease to appear. Condemned to two months of prison for articles on the police force, Jules Vallès is imprisoned with Holy-Pelagie. He founds there the Journal of Holy-Pelagie .
1869: Jules Vallès founds the newspaper the People (some numbers), then the newspaper the Refractory (3 numbers). In May, he is candidate with the legislative elections against a “republican”, Jules Simon, and “imperial”, Lachaud.

Its program: “I was always the lawyer of the poor, I become the candidate of work, I will be the deputy of misery! Misery! As long as there will be a soldier, a torturer, a priest, a Gabelou, a twisted taper, a policeman believed on oath, an irresponsible civil servant, an irremovable magistrate; as long as there will be all that to pay, people, you will be miserable! ”

Jules Vallès, shown to divide the republican camp by its candidature, is beaten. In October, voyage on the battle field of Waterloo for the dictionary Larousse , its article will not be published.

1870 : Jules Vallès starts again his newspaper the Street . Writing with the Marseillaise (newspaper). The war against Prussia is declared. Jules Vallès, “pacifist”, is stopped. In September, the war is lost, with the Prise of Sedan it is the fall of the Empire. The République is proclaimed the September 4th. Vallès is opposed to the “Gouvernement of National defense”. Preparation with the revolutionary day of the October 31st.

1871: the Commune of Paris

January 6th: Vallès is one of the four writers of the Red Affiche proclamation with the people of Paris to denounce “the treason of the government of September 4th” and to claim “the general requisition, free rationing, the attack masses” of it. It ended in: “Place with the people! Place at the Commune! ” .

February: Jules Vallès founds the Cri of the People . “Social the arrives, hear you! It arrives at step of giant, bringing not death, but safety. ”

March 18th - May 28th: Common of Paris

March 26th: election of Jules Vallès to the Commune by 4.403 votes out of 6.467 voters of XVe district.

During the Commune, Jules Vallès intervenes against the arbitrary arrests, for freedom of the press. the Cry of the People (83 numbers from February 22nd to May 23rd, 1871) was, with the Father Duchêne , the newspaper best sold this period. Vallès sat initially at the commission of teaching, then with that of the foreign relations. It belongs to the minority opposed to the dictatorship of a committee of public Hello. During the bloody Semaine 20.000 people will be shot by the armed with Versailles. Two Vallès forgeries will be carried out by mistake.

Exile

Vallès, death threat, flee Paris towards the Belgium and the England.

1872 : Died of the mother of Vallès. Judgment with the capital punishment by contumacy on July 14th, 1872 by the 6th council of war.
at the end of 1872: Stay with Lausanne where he writes with Bellenger, a great drama in 12 tables: the Commune of Paris .
1871-1880: Long exile with London.
1875 : Died in London of Jeanne-Marie, the girl of Vallès, old of a few months only. Vallès writes the first shutter of the novel Vingtras, it will not appear, in serial in the Century that in 1878, signed pseudonym Chaussade .
1875-1880: Many articles sent of London published to Paris under pseudonyms. Articles: the Street in London .
1878 : Vallès written Vingtras II (the future Bachelier ), which appears in serial in 1879, under the pseudonym of Jean the Street.
1879 : Meet with Brussels Severine. Republication of its newspaper the Street , directed from London (5 numbers); first edition of the Child .
July 14th 1880: With the amnesties, Vallès returns to Paris. Severine becomes her disciple and his collaborator. Publication of the novel the Blouses .
1881 : The Charpentier editor publishes the Child and the Graduate , signed of Jules Vallès.
1882-1883: Great articles of the Table of Paris .
1883-1885: Jules Vallès starts again and directs the Cry of the People .
1885 : Jules Vallès, exhausted by the disease, dies on February 14th. He is buried with the Father-Lachaise accompanied by tens of thousands of Parisian and survivors of the Commune.

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