Jules Dufaure

Jules Armand Stanislas Dufaure , known under the name of Jules Dufaure (sometimes lexiconized wrongly like Armand Dufaure ), born the December 4th 1798 with Saujon (Charente-Maritime), died the June 28th 1881 with Rueil-Malmaison, is a Politician French.

Biography

After traditional solids studies, Jules Dufaure granted his Paris and, received lawyer, was registered with the bar of Saintes, then with that of Bordeaux (1820). First lawyer to plead without to have written in advance his pleading, it was not long in acquiring a great reputation.

Member of the constituent Assembly the shortly after the revolution of 1848, it is one of the craftsmen of the Constitution of 1848. He is Minister of Interior Department of the October 13rd to the December 20th 1848 in the government of Cavaignac, then under the presidency of Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte of the June 2nd to the October 31st 1849, government in which he will insert his friend Tocqueville to the station of Minsitre of the Foreign affairs.

Under the monarchy of July

The June 21st 1834, it was elected appointed liberal by the 7th electoral college of the Charente-Lower (Holy). This district did not cease re-electing it until in 1848: the August 14th 1836, the November 4th 1837, the March 2nd and the June 8th 1839, the July 9th 1842 and the 1846. At the House of Commons, it sat with the third party, was pointed out soon as speaker of businesses and conquered a high parliamentary situation by its speeches with the platform or in the offices and by its reports/ratios.

In 1836, under the ministry Thiers, it was named to advise State and this circumstance determined the first renewal of its legislative mandate. It was withdrawn, to the fall of the cabinet, with Thiers, of which he had become the collaborator, and entered with him a savage opposition to the ministry Molé.

With the fall of this one, it faced the instruction of non-participation given by Thiers and entered the May 12th 1839 the ministry Soult like public Minister for Labor. It had to support in this quality the great discussions which opened at the Parliament on the methods of realization of the railroads. It left the ministry the 1840 and part of the second ministry Thiers did not form, which it did not fight however. Nevertheless, it highly tackled the bill on the fortifications of Paris. It was also announced as rapporteur of the bill on expropriation due to public utility.

In 1842, it was named vice-president of the House of Commons with the support of the government, and it was famous in 1845, this time thanks to the support of the opposition.

Cormenin evoked in these terms its parliamentary talent: “When he asks the word at the end of the meeting, it is that the discussion is mislaid and that it is time to conclude. It takes it, it brings back it in its ways; it traces around its overflows the circumvallations ( sic ) powerful of its reasoning; it reels, it rolls up its evidence like a housewife makes turn her spindle under its nimble fingers; thus it pushes its sons in all the directions; it gathers them, it intersects them and it composes of it a so flexible mesh, if tight and so strong that its wrapped adversary is obliged to put a knee out of ground in front of the Parliament and to acknowledge itself overcome. ”

He was rapporteur of the law on the railroads of 1842 and played a determining role in the vote of the law which created a general layout of six lines on the basis of Paris. In August 1846, Jules Dufaure approaches politically Alexis de Tocqueville and some other deputies (Corcelle, Rivet, Billault). They create together the party of the “Young Left”. In spite of its hostility growing with the policy of Louis-Philippe in 1847, he highly blamed the “Campagne of the Banquets” and, when the ministry Guizot was put in charge by the dynastic opposition, he launched to the ministers while passing in front of their bench: “If you had let make the banquet, at this point in time you would have deserved to be put in charge! ”

Under the Second Republic and the Second Empire

Dufaure accepted the proclamation of the Republic after the Révolution of 1848 and was elected, the the April 23rd 1848, representing Charente-Lower than the constituent Assembly.

October 13rd with the December 20th 1848, he was Minister of Interior Department in the Gouvernement of the general Cavaignac.

From June 2nd to October 31st, 1849, Minister of Interior Department under the presidency of Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte.

It withdraws political life after the coup d'etat of December 2nd 1851, becoming member of the council of the order then barristers president of the bar of Paris. It will return to the policy a few years later, as a member of the Liberal Union. In spite of several failures with the legislative elections - in particular in 1859, in 1862 and 1867 - it will continue to fight against Napoleon III at the time of many political lawsuits blaming of the personalities of the liberal or republican opposition such as the duke of Aumale, Prévost-Paradol and Emile of Girardin, or at the time of the famous lawsuit of Thirteen in 1864. He will be also campaign director of Thiers at the time of his election in Paris in 1869 and will be opposed to the plebiscitary referendum of Napoleon III in 1870.

April 23rd, 1863, he is elected with the French Academy to replace the duke Etienne-Denis Pasquier

Under the Third Republic

In 1871, elected appointed by five departments.

Deputy moderated in 1871, it is named Minister for Justice and vice-president of the Council of February 1871 at May 1873, and Minister for Justice in the cabinet Buffet in 1875. It is as a Minister of Justice that it contributed to the creation of the French administrative law: at a meeting of the Court of the conflicts during which the voices were divided, it had to vote and chose the competence of the Council of State and not of the Court of appeal. The stop in question is known today under the name of Arrêt Blanco returned on February 8th, 1873, it is regarded as the stop founder of the French administrative law.

Jules Dufaure is named president of the Council from March to December 1876 then again in December 1877 after the crisis of May 16th with the triumph of the republican coalition - after the death of Thiers, Dufaure becomes the leader of the party Center left, moderate wing of the block of the lefts - which obliges MacMahon “to be subjected”.

He was named irremovable senator in August 1876. The 14 months during which Dufaure will control will constitute one year of relative calm, with the behavior of the World Fair of 1878 and the Congress of Berlin. But endeuillé by the disappearance of his wife and 80 years old to the end of the year 1878, Dufaure will prefer to be withdrawn at the time of the resignation of MacMahon in January 1879, following the ultimatum posed concerning the nominations in the military field in particular.

Electoral mandates

  • 1834 : deputy of the Charente-Lower , elected with Holy
  • 1842: vice-president of the Room
  • 1845: vice-president of the Room
  • 1848: representative of Charente-Lower than the constituent Assembly
  • 1848: deputy of Charente-Lower than the National Assembly
  • 1871: deputy of Charente-Lower the
  • 1876: deputy of Charente-lower the
  • 1876: irremovable senator

Ministerial functions

Distinctions

References

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