Joseph Marie Dessaix

Wars of the French revolution

Wire of a doctor, it took the rank of doctor of medicine with Turin, and exerted its art with Paris. It adopted the principles of the French revolution, entered, to July 1789, in the Parisian national guard, turned over to Thonon in 1791 to make there germinate the French ideas, returned to Paris in 1792, and contributed with Doppet, in the common intention to carry freedom in Savoy, with the formation of the Société of the propaganda of the Alps, named almost at once: Club of the foreign patriots .

In 1792, it proposes with the Convention the creation of the Légion of Allobroges. Named captain in this legion the August 7th, it ordered the core of its company in the Journée of August 10th, 1792.

It was made major the 13. According to the decree, the final organization of the legion was to take place with Grenoble; Dessaix and Doppet thus led their troop in this city. In September, the legion entered to Chambéry with the general of Montesquiou; and November, Dessaix succeeded Doppet in the command of this troop.

In June 1793, it went against the Marseillais with the Armée with the Eastern Pyrenees, was named colonel the August 17th, entered the 20 to Marseilles and went then to the Siège of Toulon.

Its control with the seat of this place appeared worthy of reward to the representatives of the people, who wanted to name it Brigadier general; but he refused an advance which he believed not to have deserved. In year II, it was used for the Armée with the Pyrenees, and was distinguished, the 13 floréal, while pushing back with its legion, strong of 1500 men, the attacks of 8.000 Spaniards, to which it made test a great loss. The 17, it contributed to the Prise of Saint-Laurent-of-the-Monga. It seized Campredon the 19 meadow one.

After êlre found with the various combat which announced the end of this campaign, it passed to the Armée with Italy at the beginning of year III. In the month of nivôse, it removed fear them of Midsummer's Day, in Piedmont, and accepted a blow of Baïonnette to the head. Its soldiers wanted to shoot the prisoners that they had just made, but it saved them with the danger of its days. Thermidor 11, it was wounded with the Retraite of Salo.

The following day, it penetrated in this city, seized two parts of gun, two flags and of 200 Austrians, the enemy continued and delivered the Guieux general and 300 French. He made himself main of Rocca-with Anfo 19, and of Stora the 23. The 1st fructidor it accepted a wound while seizing one fears armed with two guns; it ran of great dangers 19, in a recognition on the Adige. The 22, it took San-Michaeli; the 1st complementary day, the general Vaubois ordered to him to hold until the last end with the Plateau of Rivoli. He made his provisions consequently; but, encircled by higher forces, covered from wounds, it fell to the capacity from the Autrichien S, which led it in Hungary.

After a seven months captivity, it returned in Italy following an exchange, and was elected, in germinal year VI, by the department of-Mount-White, deputy with the Conseil of the Five hundred, where it was not pointed out that by opinions republican are more advanced.

Consulate and Empire

In spite of its opposition to the movement of Brumaire, the First Consul preserved to him the command of its body, become 27 {{E}} light half-brigade and sent it in Holland. It ordered successively Nimègue, Berg-COp-Zoom, Rotterdam, Dusseldorf, the Grand-Duchy of Berg, Aschaffenbourg, Frankfurt, $the Hague, Breda.

Napoleonean wars

The 11 fructidor year XI, the first Consul conferred to him the Brigadier general rank of , and named it in year XII, the 19 meadow frimaire and 2o, member and ordering Légion of honor. Employed with the Large army in year XIV, it was distinguished with the Prise from Ulm.

In 1809, it ordered a brigade of the Armée with Italy under the orders of the prince Eugene de Beauharnais, was wounded the April 10th, with the Passage of Tagliamento, took the command of the avant-garde of the army, was with the Bataille of Piave the May 8th, and with all the businesses which took place until the junction with the Large army, and was created count d' Major general Empire and the July 9th, a few days after the Bataille of Wagram, where it had been wounded with the thigh. In a lunch which it made with Vienna, Napoleon i greeted it nickname of intrepid.

In 1810, it had the command of Amsterdam, and accepted, the June 30th 1811, the decoration of large officer of the Légion of honor; the Emperor did it also voter of the Département of Léman. Employed in 1812 with the 1st Large army corps, it was wounded, the July 22nd with Mohilow, contributed to the taken of Smolensk, fought, the September 7th, with the Bataille of Moskowa, had shortly after the arm crashed to pieces by a Biscaïen, had to yield its division to the general Rapp, and accepted, at the beginning of October 1812, the command of Berlin, command which it preserved until the February 26th 1813.

It had been in its hearths for several months, when, the January 4th 1814, the Emperor charged it with part of defense of the the Alps. Obliged to fold up itself, it joined the body of Augereau. The acts of war which are clean for him during this short countryside, to be obscure, do not deserve any less to be quoted, and it is with a feeling of recognition precisely appreciated, which its compatriots called then it the Bayard of Savoy .

Dessaix adopted monarchy at the time of the First Restoration, and accepted the Croix of Saint-Louis the June 27th 1814. Napoleon, with his return of the isle of Elba, gave him the command of Lyon, then that of a division of the Armée with the Alps, under Sachet.

Restoration

After the second abdication, it took refuge in the Pays of Gex, from where it returned in Thonon. It left the France in 1816 and was withdrawn initially in Suisse, then in Piedmont. Stopped in May 1816 and led to the Extremely of Small windows, it left there only in next September, and on an order of the King de Sardaigne. It was withdrawn with Ferney-Voltaire, where his/her brother followed the lawyer occupation.

In 1821, when the patriots Piedmontese wanted to make their revolution shake the yoke which weighed on them, they asked him to order the forces of the insurrection; but it left this command to the generals Guillaume de Vaudoncourt and Belloti.

It accommodated the revolution of 1830, and was named, by ordinance of the November 12th, ordering national guard of Lyon.

Its name is engraved among those of the Northern face of the Triumphal arch of the Star.

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