Joseph Déchelette

Joseph Déchelette , born the January 8th 1862 with Roanne (the Loire), dead the October 4th 1914 with Vingré (current commune of Nouvron-Vingré, Aisne), was a archeologist French, which is particularly illustrated like precursor of the ancient Céramologie. It is among the first to have made the relation between the culture of Tène and the Celtic civilization.

Biography

Joseph Déchelette was born in a family from easy industrialists from Roanne and, after studies at the Mariste S of Saint-Chamond, began his working life like representative from the family company. However, the passion of the archeology, to which it had been initiated as of its adolescence by his uncle Jacques Gabriel Bulliot (1817-1902), eminent figure of the Société éduenne of Autun , took the top quickly.

In 1884, it adheres to the Diana , archaeological company and history located with Montbrison (the Loire). He becomes inspector on behalf of the French company of archeology .

Of 1892 with 1914, it is preserving Museum of the fine arts and archeology of Roanne. This municipal museum, founded in 1844, was renamed later on in its honor. It was installed in 1923 in the old hotel of Valence of Minardière, that Déchelette had bought in 1892 and that its widow offered to the town of Roanne (she continued to occupy, until her death in 1957, the ground floor of the hotel).

From February to April 1893, Déchelette goes on a journey in Egypt with which it returns charged with the mummy of Nesyamon, presumedly died at the fifteen years age and who, of alive sound, sang in Thèbes for the Amon god.

In 1914, with the release of the First World War, it chooses to engage, in spite of its advanced age. Captain with the 298e Regiment of infantry, it is killed with the face two months after the beginning of the hostilities, on October 4th, 1914. He rests today in the necropolis main road of Ambleny and its name is registered with the the Pantheon, among the 560 writers died for France. Its memory and its works are preserved in a museum of Roanne which bears its name.

Work in archeology

Joseph Déchelette is the first to have highlighted a cultural unit at the north of the Alps towards the end of the Âge of Iron by comparing the results of the archaeological excavations of four oppida : Bibracte with the Mount Beuvray, Manching in Bavaria, Strakonice in Bohemia and Velem-Zsent-Vid in Hungary. It created the expression “civilization of the oppida ” which defines today the period of the end of Celtic civilization on the continent of Europe, in an area going of the south of England to the Central Europe.

Works

Murals of the Middle Ages and the Rebirth Drill of it
the decorated ceramic Vases of Gaulle Roman
Manuel of prehistoric archeology, Celtic and Gallo-Roman . - Paris: A. Picardy and wire, 1908-1914. - 2 volumes in 6 vol. (including 2 vol. of appendices); 22 cm (several republications)

Others

Roanne: Museum of the fine arts and archeology Joseph-Déchelette
Marie-Anne Binetruy, Joseph Déchelette, LUGD, Lyon, 1994.

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