Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez

Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez (September 8th 1768 - March 2nd 1829) was a partisane independence at the time of the Guerre of independence of Mexico. It is often called Corregidora .

Childhood

It is the girl of Juan Jose Ortiz - captain of the regiment of Los Morados - and Manuela Girón, born in Valladolid (today Morelia). His/her father died in the combat in his early childhood and his/her mother dies shortly after. Maria Sotero Ortiz, the sister of Josefa, takes care of her education and a place with the prestigious to him Colegio of mow Vizcaínas in 1789 obtains. She marries Miguel Domínguez, a frequent visitor of the college, in 1791.

Marry

In 1802 Miguel Domínguez is named, by the Vice-roi of News-Spain, at the station of Corregidor (magistrate representing of the King in a city) city of Querétaro. At that time Doña Josefa deals with pieces of housework and of the education of two wire of the preceding marriage of her husband, however, they will have together still 12 children.

Reasons of its implication

Doña Josefa is, from its birth, conscious of the vexations inflicted at the community Créole S by the Spanish colonists. The Créoles are often regarded as citizens of second class - by the fact of their birth in News-Spain instead of being born in metropolitan Spain - and were relegated in supporting roles of the administration of the colony. This creates a resentment ches the creole which organize soon companies " littéraires" or works of the Age of Enlightenment, prohibited by the Catholic church, are studied and discussed. Doña Josefa takes part itself in these meetings and convainct her husband to accommodate some under their roof. These meetings, attended by men such as Miguel Hidalgo and Ignacio Allende, take soon a political turning.

The inversion of Ferdinand VII at the time of the countryside of Spain of Napoleon pokes wishes it independence of the colonies. The meetings in the house of Doña Josefa become the heart of the conspiracy, it offers even a financial support with entreated.

Beginning of the war of independence

After being itself organized the rebels start to hide of weapons in sour houses. The beginning of the revolution is envisaged on October 1st 1810. However on September 13rd the conspirators are betrayed by a spy who informed the viceroyalty of their activities. The Corregidor Domínguez receives mandate to search the houses of the city in order to stop the chief of the rebels there. Doña Josefa is locked up in its room so that it cannot prevent the others entreated and perhaps also in order to enable him to destroy the traces of its own implication. However, at this time, the rebels form a broad network and Doña Josefa manages to alert them via the mayor, Don Ignacio Pérez. Information makes it possible to the conspirators to escape and in Miguel Hidalgo to push her famous Grito de Dolores at the dawn of the September 16th, this event marks the it beginning it Guerre of independence of Mexico.

The prison

Its part and that which her husband played are discovered. He are imprisoned. Doña Josefa is sent initially to the monastery of Santa Clara, Querétaro, then with Mexico City to be judged there. She is declared guilty, in spite of the efforts of her husband and her lawyer and is imprisoned with the monastery of Santa Teresa. Because of its character she rebels is transferred soon to the abbey from Santa Catalina de Sena, which is regarded as more severe good. She is slackened in 1817 under the oath not to give her support for the insurrectionists more.

Independence

After independence, the emperor of Mexico Agustín de Iturbide, in 1822, offers to Doña Josefa the role of lady's companion of his wife, Anna Duarte de Iturbide. But, Corregidora estimates that the advent of the Mexican Empire, instead of a republic, is contrary with the ideals for which it fought and refuses this honor.

During the last years of its life, it is implied in various liberal movements of which some are of rather radical nature. She will always refuse any reward for her role in the movement of independence, asserting which she had made only her duty of patriot.

National heroin

Doña Josefa dies the March 2nd 1829 in Mexico City. It is buried with the abbey of Santa Catalina de Sena, but later, its remainders are moved in Querétaro in the abbey of Santa Cruz. The government of Querétaro declares it Benemérita del Estado .

She is venerated in Mexico, its portrait appears on parts and stamps. The Stade of Corregidora to Querétaro is thus named in its honor.

See too

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