John Stuart Mill - SpeedyLook encyclopedia

Biography

Oldest son of James Millet, it was born in the parental house in Pentonville, London. He was raised by his father, on the councils and with the assistance of Jeremy Bentham and David Ricardo. He to him was given an extremely rigorous education and he was deliberately protected from relations with children of his age. His/her father, follower of Bentham and member of the Associationism, had for goal acknowledged to make of it a Génie which could continue the cause of the Utilitarisme and of his applications after his death and that of Bentham.

Its gifts when he was child were exceptional; his/her father James Mill had learned to him at the three years age the Greek alphabet and a long list of Greek words with their equivalents in English. At eight years, it had read the fables of Ésope, the Anabase of Xénophon, all Hérodote, and was at ease with Lucien de Samosate, Diogène, Isocrate S and the six dialogs of Plato. It had also read a great quantity of works on the history. These considerations encouraged the psychologist Catherine Morris Cox to estimate a posteriori its IQ of child at approximately 190; not very far from Goethe credited with 210.

A contemporary recording of the studies between eight and thirteen years of Stuart Mill was published in a biography written by Alexander Bain. It suggests that its autobiography rather underestimated the quantity of carried out work.

Always at the eight years age, Mill began the Latin , studied Euclide, the Algèbre and was in charge of the education of the more young children of the family. Its principal readings related to the history, but it lute all the Latin and Greek authors commonly studied in the colleges and the universities of the time. It did not have to compose in Latin or in Greek and was never pure school; these was matters that it was to read, and at ten years it read Plato and Démosthène easily. The work of his/her father a history of India was published in 1818; immediately after, around twelve years, John began the study of logic Scholastique, while traversing the treaties of logic of Aristote in the text. The following years, his/her father introduced it with the political economy by the study of Adam Smith and of David Ricardo and, finally, supplemented its economic vision with the study of the Factors of production.

At twenty years, it is victim of a depression related to overwork. This episode of its life leads it to reconsider the utilitarianism which he wants altruistic than that of Bentham.

Its workload does not seem to have handicapped Mill in its love life: the family which it formed with his wife, Harriet Taylor Mill, and his/her daughter-in-law was regarded by her contemporaries as exceptionally succeeded. Itself indicates in one of its works that “ those are not the work of a spirit, but of trois ”.

It is buried with the Cimetière Saint-Véran of Avignon.

Principal works

System of deductive and inductive logic , 1843. French translation carried out by Louis Peisse starting from the 6th British edition of 1865. Paris: Philosophical bookstore of Ladrange, 1866.
Cet work is not, in spite of its title, a repetition of the logic of Aristote, nor an additional handbook for a codified discipline. Actually, the system is the expression of a new philosophy, essential link which connects David Hume to Bertrand Russell. The system of logic undoubtedly offers a summary of all to us that it is necessary to hear under the term of logic, but it proposes also a new theory of sophisms, proper names, reference to us, and especially of induction. It is at Mill that one finds one of the most convincing answers to the paradox of the induction highlighted by Hume, as one reads criticism, become there traditional, of the deduction like reasoning circular, and condemned by nature to be able to call into question, therefore not to exceed, its Axiome S and Prémisse S. Enfin, and it is not the least contribution of Millet, the system of logic, sets up a general theory of the social sciences and their own methods, recalling us thus that Mill is also the author of the Principes of political economy , and the contemporary of Karl Marx.
Essays one Summons off Unsettled Questions Political Economy , London, 1844;
Principles off Political Economy , London, 1848,7th ED., 1871 in which it develops its ideas on the social rights and of freedoms of the workers;
John Stuart Mill, interprets synthetic the traditional ones, offers an unforgettable example of the economy preceded in chapter VI by book IV of its “principles of political economy”. It defines the terminals of the progress of the industrial society, in particular by the trend fall of the rate of the profits. It does not leave reality by observing that the Occident is in search of human improvement. In the name of what, it notes that the mobiles of aggressiveness and profit are used only, for want of anything better, to increase the material richnesses; their outburst burdened with a heavy liability, degrades the men and charms the leisure and loneliness to them. Economic progresses did not manage to generate the great changes which would make, as it is appropriate, of the mechanical inventions the common property of mankind. Also, the company for greater comfort of all its members, can it be reorientated and reorganized without fear, even if it must for that lose a little its material and manifest dynamisms. The blooming of all the man in each man is served by the rushes of beings degraded on a humiliated nature. Can humanity choose the stationary state well before the need forces there!

For Heilbroner in the Large Economists , he is the author of “larger “but” of the history of the economic thinking”. Indeed, Mill poses that the economic scene applies to the production of goods and services, makes it possible to use the resources as well as possible, but it does not apply to the field of the distribution: it is at the company to choose the mode of distribution of the richnesses created, which leaves the free field with the policy, the role of the State, with choices of company, etc

Of freedom , (English title: One Liberty ), 1859. First French translation by Charles Brook Dupont-White, Paris: Representative Guillaumin, 1864.
Considerations one Government , London, 1861;
Utilitarianisme , London, 1863, French Translation;
Year Examination off Sir Hamilton' S Philosophy , London, 1865;
Auguste Count and positivism , London, 1865, Westminster Review, French translation;
Of the constraint of the women , 1869. French translation of Emile Cazelles. Paris: Editions Misadventure, 1992,206 pages. Text available in format image on the site of the National library of France, works in which it defends the cause of the emancipation of the women; text also available on Wikisource;
Autobiography , London, 1873, French translation;
Three Essays one Religion , (Nature + Utility off Religion + Theism), London, 1874.

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