Sir John Moore , (born the November 13rd 1761 with Glasgow - died the January 16th 1809 with Corogne) was a general of the British armed .

Youth

Wire of John Moore, physicist and writer, it makes his studies with the college of Glasgow, but at the eleven years age, it accompanies his father and the duke by Hamilton on a journey in France, in Italy, in Germany, and Switzerland where it remains in Geneva during two years, during which it continues his education.

Military career and policy 1776-1790

John Moore joined the British army in 1776 like teaches with the 51e infantryman then based with Minorque. In 1778, it takes share for the first time at the action during the Guerre of independence of the United States of America as a lieutenant in the 82e under the orders of Douglas Hamilton (8th duke of Hamilton). In 1783, it turns over to Great Britain and in 1784 it is elected at the Parliament representing of Lanark, Selkirk, Peebles and Linlithgow, seat which it will occupy until in 1790.

In 1787, it is named commander and joint briefly the 60e before turning over to the 51e. In 1791, its unit is assigned with Mediterranean and it is implied in the countryside of Corsica and is wounded in Calvi. It is named Adjudant-general by the general Charles Stuart. Divergences between Moore and the new British viceroy in Corsica lead to his recall and an assignment in the Western Indies under the orders of Ralph Abercromby.

In Ireland in 1798

In 1798, it is made Major-general and represses the republican rebellion which makes rage in Ireland. Its personal intervention marks a turning with the Bataille of Foulksmills the June 20th and it takes again the control of the town of Wexford before the pitiless general Gerard Lake, who crushes the rebellion with a extrème brutality. Moore is held apart from the majority of the exactions.

Method of teaching military

In 1799, in forwarding with Egmont-COp-Zee, it orders a brigade which is demolished and it is itself seriously wounded. Once restored, it carries out the 52e regiment during the Campagne of Egypt.

It returns to England in 1803 to order a brigade with the camp of Shorncliffe close to Folkestone, where it established a system of formation innovating and more human for the time, which produces the first permanent regiments of light infantry.

1803-1808, war against France

When it appears clearly that Napoleon projete an invasion of England, Moore is named responsible for the defense of the coast of Dover to Dungeness. It is with its initiative that the turns of Martello are built (supplementing fears it of Shorncliffe already built), according to a model that it impressed it in Corsica, where the tower of prototype, to the point of Mortella, had offered a valiant resistance to the British forces of ground and sea.

It recruits a militia of approximately 340.000 volunteers to defend the South of Downs if troops of invasion managed to cross regular defenses. In 1804 Moore is adoubé and promoted Lieutenant-general. In 1806 it east takes again active service into Mediterranean and the Baltic to help the Swedes in 1808. It returns to England when that dissensions emerge between him and Gustave Adolphe of Sweden.

1808-1811, war of Spanish independence

Moore takes the command of the British forces in the Iberian peninsula whereas Burrard, Dalrymple and Wellesley is recalled to London to answer of the ashamed terms of the Convention of Sintra making it possible to the French to leave Portugal, not like overcome, but with equipment and them " goods personnels" on board ship of the British fleet.

When Napoleon arrives to Spain with 200.000 men, Moore must beat a retreat towards the wearing of loading of Corogne and Vigo. It bench a defensive position on the hills apart from the city, but he is mortally wounded with the Bataille of Corogne. Although … struck in its left center and the shoulder by a ball of gun, which breaks its coasts, its arm, lacerates its shoulder and the totality of its left side and lungs , there remains conscious during the long hours of sound agonis, being enquérant even of the health condition of its officers: the colonel Graham and my aide-de-camps are safe? .

He is buried on the ramparts of the city. The burial is celebrated by Charles Wolfe which will compose in 1816 its poem: the burial of Sir John Moore after Corogne (The Burial off Sir John Moore after Corunna) .

Memory

When the French take the city, Soult orders the construction of a monument to the top of its tomb. In the Cathédrale Saint-Paul of London, a monument recalls its memory, as well as a statue set up on the George Square , in her birthplace of Glasgow, and that an equestrian statue with Cheriton in Kent. Rooms still carry its not to the High School off Glasgow and to the Queen Victoria School' , with Dunblane.

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