John Forbes Nash

John Forbes Nash Jr (born the June 13rd 1928) is a Mathématicien which worked on the Game theory, the differential Géométrie, and the partial derivative equations. It divided the “Nobel Prize” of economy in 1994 with Reinhard Selten and John Harsanyi for their work in game theory.

At the dawn of a promising mathematical career, John Nash started to suffer from Schizophrénie. He learned how to live with this disease only twenty-five years later.

Its childhood

John Nash was born with Bluefield, Virginia-Western, wire of John Nash Sr., an electrotechnologist, and Virginia Martin, professor of language. Young person, it spent much time to read and make experiments in his room which it had converted into laboratory.

From June 1945 at June 1948, Nash studied with the Carnegie Institute off Technology with Pittsburgh, in the intention to become engineer like his father. With the place, it developed to with it a durable passion for mathematics, and in particular the Théorie of the numbers, the equations diophantiennes, the quantum Mécanique and the Theory of relativity. With the group of game theory of Carnegie, it started to be plunged in the problem of the negotiation , posed by John von Neumann in his book the game theory and economic behavior ( The Theory off Ranges and Economic Behavior 1944).

Its studies

It then went to the Université of Princeton to work on its theory of balance. Its report of Thèse, constant in 1950, on the nonco-operative plays detailed already the definition and the properties of what was going thereafter to be called the balance of Nash and to be worth to him, forty-four years later, the Nobel Prize of economy. Its work was published in three articles:

Equilibrium Points in N-person Ranges , in Proceedings off the National Academy off Sciences (the USA) (1950)
The Bargaining Problem in Econometrica (April 1950)
Two-person Co-operative Ranges in Econometrica (January 1953).

The only course officially of economy which it followed related to the international business.

Its discoveries and the fight against the disease

During the summer 1950, it worked with the RAND Corporation with Santa Monica (California) where it is turned over for moreover short periods, in 1952 and 1954. From 1950 to 1951, he teaches the analysis with Princeton, studies and manages to avoid the military service. During this time, it showed the Théorème of plunging of Nash which is an important result in differential Géométrie on the multiples. From 1951 with 1952, it is workload directed in science with the MIT with Cambridge, Massachusetts. It meets there Alicia Lardé, which it will marry in February 1957 and of which it has a son John Charles. His/her oldest son John David is the child of Eleanor Stier.

In 1958, the symptoms of its disease are felt. John Nash is allowed with the McLean Hospital in April - May 1959 where one diagnoses a paranoid schizophrenia to him. After difficult stays with Paris and Geneva, Nash enters in Princeton in 1960. It makes regular stays at the hospital until in 1970 and occupies a post of researcher to the Brandeis University of 1965 with 1967. It does not publish anything during thirty years. It obtains in 1978 the John von Neumann Theory Prize for its discoveries on the nonco-operative balances.

Its disease was worth to him to be rejected by its pars economists during a certain number of years, but did not prevent it from receiving a Nobel Prize of economy for its participation in the revolution of the theory of the financial markets.

Its mental health will only improve very slowly. Its interest for mathematics returned to him only very gradually, like its capacity to be reasoned logically. It is interested now in the data-processing programming. The Années 1990 made it possible to attend a return of its genius, served by a very weakened spirit. It receives the “Nobel Prize” of economy in 1994, for its work of student with Princeton. It still plans to establish significant scientific results.

has Beautiful Mind

has Beautiful Mind , its biography by Sylvia Nasar, economic ex-journalist for the NewYork Times , published in (1999) was adapted to the cinema by Ron Howard, under the French title a man of exception . This film accepted the Oscar of the best film in 2002. This eloquent description of the most tragic events suffers from some inaccuracies and lapses of memory, among which the réinvention of the play Hex, played on the hexagonal tiling of the bathrooms of Princeton (the scenes referring to the réinvention of Hex were turned, but were cut to the assembly in order to maintain a certain rate/rhythm scenaristic). The documentary one on PBS has Brilliant Madness tries to be more precise. Imaginary characters (an agent of the secret services, a friend met at the university and the 11 year old niece of this friend) were invented for the cinema, in order to illustrate are delirious them of schizophrene of the character.

See too

List of the famous economists
Balance of Nash
a man of exception : the film on its life

External bonds

Documentary Autobiography
on PBS

References

The Essential John Nash of John F. Nash, Harold W. Kuhn (Under the direction of), Sylvia Nasar (Under the direction of)
Documentary, American Experiment , 2002
Sylvia Nasar, has Beautiful Mind: The Life off Mathematical Genius and Nobel Prize winner John Nash

Simple: John Forbes Nash

Random links: