Jerome Bosch

See also: Bosch

Hieronymus van Aken , known as Jerome Bosch (Wood-the-Duke - ' s-Hertogenbosch in Dutch, from where its pseudonym -, v.  1453 - v.  1516), is a painter Dutch of German origin .

Biography

Jerome Bosch was born about 1450 with Wood-the-Duke (“s-Hertogenbosch, of a modest family originating in Aachen ( van Aken = of Aachen), come to settle in the Netherlands two centuries earlier. His/her grandfather Jan van Aken and his father Anthonis van Aken also exerted the trade of painter.

Marrying in 1480 a rich person aristocrat girl, it is accommodated like “notable member” by the brotherhood Notre-Dame, religious association devoted to the worship of the Virgin, of which he becomes naturally the appointed painter. Its life with Wood-the-Duke proceeds then peacefully between his wife, her workshop and the brotherhood, which will not prevent its fame from extending well beyond the borders from its native land.

It is in its readings and in atmosphere of heresy and of mysticism reigning then, that Bosch draws a new inspiration, which makes him forsake the traditional iconography of its beginnings, to direct towards works “sacrileges” where the monk confronts himself with fished and with the damnation.

The hell mixes with the paradise, and the satirist with morals. One sees there his concern for the corrupted humanity condemned to the hell eternal (triptych of the Chariot of hay v. 1500, museum of Prado, Madrid) to have turned the back on the divine law. The obsession of the sin illustrates in the seven deadly sins (1475-80, museum of Prado, Madrid), the Nave of insane the (1490-1500, museum of Louvre, Paris), the triptych Jardin of the terrestrial delights , v.1503-04 (museum of Prado, Madrid), fantastic allegory complexes, composition of characters and hybrid animals, comprising many references to alchemy. Bosch died in 1516.

The voyage of Bosch to Venice at the beginning of the 16th century, gives a new dimension to its creativity, one notices more space and landscapes in Saint Jean in Pathmos (1504-05, Berlin, Gemäldegalerie), Saint Jerome in prayer (v. 1505, Ghent, museum of the Art schools) or Temptations of saint Antoine (1510, Madrid, Musée of Prado), works which show the example of the life of the saints like single way of hello.

About 1510 a new evolution with the tables “with half-figures appears”, representations of characters with half-length, placed at the foreground ( the Crowning of spines , 1510, Madrid Escorial).

Its style is characterized by caricatural characters resulting from the Bestiaire S of the Moyen-âge. Jerome Bosch is the inventor of a style taken again then by several artists, of which Bruegel Old the. He is recognized by the surrealist 20th century like one their pictorial Masters.

One finds his effigy in the effigies of the famous painters of the Netherlands of Dominique Lampson.

The major analysis and most influential, but also most disputed, of its phantasmagoric universe was the work of the historian of German Art Wilhelm Fraenger.

Principal works

Work of youth

Analyzes of works

  • Portement of cross

See too

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