Jean Paul Adam Schramm

Jean Paul Adam Schramm , born with Arras (Pas-de-Calais), the 1^er December 1789, dead on February 25th 1884, was a French general.

Wire of Jean Adam Schramm, it entered to the service the 2^e half-brigade of light infantry the October 19th 1799. It belonged to the division of joined together pomegranates ordered by the general Oudinot (1804 and 1805).

Appointed lieutenant with the 2^e regiment of light infantry before the 16 years age, it made with this regiment the countryside of Austria to the 5^e body of the large army, Oudinot division. Wertingen, Oberkirch, Berg, Ulm, is pilot first actions of the division of pomegranate S. With Amstetten, the November 5th 1805, lieutenant Schramm receives the command of half of the company, crosses, to the head of its pomegranates, the rows of the Russians, moves on a part of gun whose fire obstructed the French column, seizes this part and makes a great number of prisoners.

With Hollabrünn, Schramm is distinguished again by removing a part from gun and by making to its hand a Russian officer captive. In the businesses which followed, it let escape no occasion to deploy its value and its coolness. The Oudinot general exceptionally proposed it, after the Bataille of Austerlitz, for the cross of the Légion of honor, it did not have whereas 16 years.

In the countryside of 1806 and 1807, which it made like Assistance-of-camp of his father, it took a very active share with the seat of Dantzig, particularly with the attack of the Frisch-Nehrung that his/her father removed in the night of 19 with the March 20th. Lieutenant Schramm, charged to carry the order of attack, was attacked by Russian riders; he fought them with resolution, killed one, wounded the other and left them victorious this unequal combat in which he was wounded.

To the Battle of Heilsberg, the Schramm captain gave new evidence of his value and accepted a shot at the right-sided.

In 1808, it went in Spain and took part in this a few month campaign, in which the Emperor seized Madrid, after having destroyed or having dispersed the armies Spanish and are pushed back the army English E on Corogne. The armaments of the Austria having recalled the Emperor to Paris, the imperial Guard was directed on the Germany; the Schramm captain made with it the memorable countryside of 1809 and was distinguished especially with Essling and Wagram.

The Countryside of Saxony (1813) having to get a revenge with the large army, the major Schramm, named on April 14th major ordering of the 2^e acrobats, was announced to the battles of Lützen (May 2nd). The Emperor, witness of this brilliance feat of arms, named the colonel Schramm officer of the Légion of honor and Baron of the Empire (May 14th); the colonel had devoted himself so much to remove the troops, which it accepted with fifteen steps two wounds, one in the arm, the other in the chest.

In spite of his state of weakness, colonel Schramm wanted to turn over to his regiment towards the end of the armistice, and, the arm escapes from it, hardly being able to support itself with horse, it followed the movements of the young Guard of Dresden on Bautzen, Gorlitz and Lowemberg. - The first day of the Bataille of Dresden, the young Guard, arrived the May 26th in the morning in this city with forced marches, emerged by the door of Pirna and by that of Planem and collapsed all that opposed resistance to him; it highly pushed the enemy and forced it to move away from the positions which he occupied around the city. The 27, the young Guard operating in the plain, the left with the river and the right-hand side with the hills, deserved the praises of all the army by its intrepid value and the precision of its movements.

After having taken a glorious share with this victory, colonel Schramm followed the movement carried out the 28 and led his regiment to Pirna to cut the Autrichien S in retirement. The September 26th, one named it, in this city, Brigadier general in reward of its brilliant led. It was not 24 years old.

The marshal Gouvion-Saint-Cyr, ordering the 14^e army corps charged to cover Dresden, had to approach this city whose enemy made soon the investment. During the blockade, the Schramm general took share with the movement of four divisions on Racknitz and with the combat of the October 17th in which it made low put the weapons at a Russian thousand of S, and failed to take their general, the Count de Talztoy which was pushed back on Dohna, with loss of 1.200 prisoners, 10 parts of gun, a score of boxes and a crew of bridge.

The October 29th, during an exit, the Schramm general still showed of bravery and intelligence. At the end of the combat and when the column returned, it was wounded with the foot and had to keep the bed during six weeks.

Returned in France the 1^er July 1814, the Schramm general remained without employment; the Emperor named it the May 29th 1815 with the command of the Département of Maine-et-Loire; the June 15th, it was employed with the defense of Paris. Of 1815 with 1828, it did not have any employment; but it used this time by a thorough study of the great questions of organization and administration.

In 1828, it had the command of the 1^re division of the Camp of Saint-Ouen; the August 6th 1830, it ordered the Département of the Low-Rhine. In September 1831, it belonged to the army of Expédition of Belgium, was named Lieutenant-general the September 30th 1832. During the Head office of Antwerp, it ordered divisions of reserve of infantry of the Armée with North.

In 1837, the Schramm general ordered the 2^e division of infantry to the Camp of Compiegne, and in 1838 the division of gathering on the border of the Suisse; the following year, it ordered the 3^e division of infantry of the army of North. In 1839, it ordered a division in Algérie, then, in March 1840, it had the higher command of the Province of Algiers during the absence of the task force; named chief of staff of the Armed with Algeria the 1^er April 1840, it took share with the Expédition of Milianah and was wounded with the Affaire of the collar of Mouzaïa; it was then high with the dignity of Grand Cross of the Légion of honor.

In October 1840, it had the higher command again, and, the January 19th 1841, the command as a chief of the army of Algeria, which it preserved until the arrival of the general governor Bugeaud. The Algérie felt the wise one and far-sighted administration of the Schramm general, who carried on his return in France the regrets of the army, those of the civils servant and the colonists.

The general Schramm, adviser of State since 1830, constantly dealt with the administration of the army. With the House of Commons and the Room of the Pars, it occupied many the questions organization in the Committees war and marine.

In 1848, it was named member of the Defense committee main road, president of the commission of reorganization of the body of the military officers of health. From 1849, he is president of the Committee of infantry. By decree of the October 22nd 1850, of the prince Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, president of the Republic, the Schramm general was named Ministre for the war, to replace the general of Hautpoul.

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