Jean Ier of Brittany

Jean Ier the Russet-red (1217 - October 8th 1286, Castle of Isle), was Duc of Brittany (1237 - 1286), and Count de Richmond in 1268.

He was the son of Pierre Mauclerc, Baillistre of Brittany and Alix de Thouars.

Biography

He became duke of Brittany in title in 1221, with died of his mother, but, as he was four years old, his father ensured regency. Jean made his first weapons in 1232, his father having to repress revolts of his barons. In 1237, it takes the government of the duchy personally, and must repress the revolt of one of its vassal, Pierre de Craon. In 1242, it fights in Poitou on behalf of king de France and subjects the count of Walk.

It had many contentions with the clergy and the Breton nobility. In conflict with the bishop of Nantes, it was excommunicated by the Breton bishops and ends up being subjected; but the noble ones, the indicator to support the priests, took the weapons in their turn (1257). Jean ends up subjecting them.

He accompanied then holy Louis with the Eighth crusade (1270), escaped the plague which killed the king and returned in his duchy.

Matrimonial note

In 1236, it marries Blanche of Navarre (1226 - 1283), girl of Thibaut IV Chansonnier, count de Champagne and king de Navarre and of Agnès de Beaujeu. They will have eight enfants :

Jean II (1239 - 1305), Duke of Brittany. His/her father transmitted the title of Count to him de Richmond in 1268 ;
Pierre (April 2nd 1241 - October 19th 1268), lord of Dinan, Hedé, Leon Hennebont and the Derrien&thinsp Rock; ;
Alix of Brittany (June 6th 1243 - August 2nd 1288), married to Jean Ier de Châtillon, count de Saint-Pol ;
Thibaut (July 23rd 1245 - October 23rd 1246), buried in the abbey church Saint Gildas de Rhuys ;
Thibaut (November 9th 1247), dead young person, buried in the abbey church Saint Gildas de Rhuys ;
Aliénor (1248), dead young person, buried in the abbey church Saint Gildas de Rhuys ;
Nicolas (December 8th 1249 - August 14th 1251), buried in the abbey church Gildas Saint of Rhuys ;
Robert (March 6th 1251 - February 4th 1259), buried with the church of the convent of Cordeliers of Nantes.

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