Jean IV of Brittany
Jean IV Conquéreur , born in 1339, dead the November 9th 1399 with Nantes, wire of Jean de Montfort and Jeanne of Flanders, was duke of Brittany of 1364 with 1399, count of Richemont and count de Montfort (1345-1399). Certains historians indicates it under the name of " Jean V" , his/her father Jean de Montfort being called " Jean IV".
Biography
His/her father died in full fight against Charles of Blois at the time of the War of succession of Brittany, whereas it was only six years old. It was his/her mother who continued the war, gaining successes. He started to take shares with military operations in 1357.
In 1364, it besieged Auray when it learned that Charles of Blois prepared to attack it. Helped by reinforcements sent by the Prince Noir, it crushed Charles of Blois to Auray.
It negotiated with the duchess Jeanne de Penthièvre, widow of Charles of Blois, the first treaty of Guérande in 1365, which recognized it like only duke of Brittany. Combined to England, it had spent there many years in exile at the time of the war of succession which it had been able to gain only with the assistance of English troops. He had married a sister then a daughter-in-law of Prince Noir and had had to entrust, or confirm with several English captains and lords the control of fortified towns and their surroundings (like Brest). In hillock with the distrust of its nobility which reproached him the presence of these troops and rogues English lords to his entourage and its government, he lives himself to attack by the king of France Charles V without the Breton nobility not defending it. He then had to embark for a new exile in England. Charles V made the error however confiscate the duchy in 1378 and join together it with the Crown, with the contempt of the rights of Jean IV like those of the preceding duchess Jeanne de Penthièvre and of his sons. The revolted Breton nobility called Jean IV who unloaded in Dinard and took again the control of the duchy.
Reconciled with Charles VI, it controlled in peace its duchy but had to face the rebellion of Olivier de Clisson. He arrived with difficulty of repurchasing with the English the place of Brest in 1397 that those continued to occupy unduly.
Marriages and children
He marries in first weddings in London in July 1355 Marie of England (1344 † 1362), girl of Edouard III of England and Philippa de Hainaut.
He marries in second weddings in London in May 1366 Jeanne Holland (1350 † 1384), girl of Thomas Holland and Jeanne de Kent, countess of Kent
He marries in third weddings with Guérande the September 11th 1386 Jeanne de Navarre (1370 † 1437), girl of Charles II of Navarre and Jeanne de France, and had:
- * Jeanne (1387 † 1388)
- * a girl (1388 † 1388)
- * Jean V (1389 † 1442), duke of Brittany
- * Marie (1391 † 1446), married in 1396 with Jean Ier (1385 † 1415), count d' Alençon
- * Marguerite (1392-1428), married to Alain IX of Rohan
- * Arthur III (1393-1458), count de Richemont then duke of Brittany
- * Gilles (1394-1412) lord of Chantocé
- * Richard (1395-1438), count de Vertus, Stamps and of Mantes
- * White (1397-ap.1419), married to Jean IV of Armagnac
- * a girl (1388 † 1388)
Guy XII of Laval is administrator of the goods of his minors to his death.
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