Jean Galéas Visconti

Jean Galéas Visconti , in Italian Gian Galeazzo Visconti , is a noble Italian born with Milan (area of Lombardy in Italy) the October 16th 1351 and dead the September 3rd 1402 with Melegnano, which became lord of Milan in 1385 and in 1395 was the first duke.

Biography

He was the son of Galéas II Visconti and Blanche of Savoy.
In June 1360, the year of its nine years, his/her father makes him marry Isabelle de Valois, twelve years old, girl of the king de France Jean II '' the Good '', marriage which devotes the union between Galéas II and the French royal family. Jean Galéas becomes thus count de Vertus (of the city of Vertus in Champagne), title created by Jean II and brought in dowry by his épouse.
The union, undoubtedly later, will be prolific but will hardly last:

their first child Jean Galéas is born the March 4th 1366 and will die in 1373, seven years old,
second Azzone is born in 1368 and will die on October 2nd, 1380, 12 years old,
Valentine is born in 1368,
the last, Carlo is born in September 1372 and dies bébé ; however, the mother, Isabelle, die of the continuations of the childbirth the September 11th 1372, old of only 24 years.

The father of Jean Galéas was Co-lord of Milan with his brother Barnabé. With died of his/her father, the August 4th 1378, his/her uncle Barnabé concedes to him the government of the Western part of Lombardy but, being considered only lord of Milan, it indicates its two sons Ludovico and Rodolfo like its heirs in March 1379.
Jean Galéas requests from the emperor Venceslas I^er the load of imperial vicar following his father, charges who to him is conceded in January 1380. Barnabe neglects this formality and remains alone with the capacity.

The October 2nd 1380, to satisfy the projects of his/her uncle, Jean Galéas marries his cousin Catherine, girl of Barnabe. In 1385, helped by his/her White mother , Jean Galéas develops a Coup d'etat to the detriment of his/her uncle father-in-law.

The May 6th 1385, with Jacopo dal Verme, Ottone di Mandello and Giovanni Malaspina and with the head of a troop of 500 lances, it makes captive Barnabé and its two sons Ludovico and Rodolfo and locks up them in the castle of Carried Giovia and seizes the power. Barnabe will die in prison, the December 19th 1385, poisoned by the care of Jean Galéas. Jean Galéas will have waited more than six years to be avenged for the brimades for his uncle.

The May 7th, Jean Galéas goes to the fortress Roman Porte ( Porta Romana ). The General advice confers the capacity to him on the city and of the 8 to the May 14th, it occupies all the cities of the stronghold. Only the fortresses will resist longer.

Consequently, its ambitions will not have any more limits: in 1387, it subjects Vicence and Vérone ; in 1390, it is Padoue which is annexée ; the May 11th 1395 it obtains emperor Venceslas I^er rise under Duc against 100.000 gold &thinsp guilders; ; its claims to subject all the Italy North then launch it to the conquest of Pisa, Perugia, Assise and His.

Florence, which feels directly threatened by Visconti, arms a league which will put a term at its projects side-Italian .

Jean Galéas remained in the history for his delusions of grandeur. He spent, for example, 300 000 gold guilders in gigantic work of dammings up to deviate with its profit the Mincio of Mantoue and the Brenta of Padoue and to thus remove all their means of defense at these two cities. It is as in Jean Galéas as one owes the church and the monastery of Certosa with Pavia, the beginning of work of construction of the cathedral ( it Duomo ), calling upon the best artists available in Europe, as well as the castle of Pavia started under his/her father Galéas II and completed by its care. This palate was then, by far, the most splendid princely residence of Europe. It transferred to it its famous library and its large collection from crowned relics in which it had a completely particular faith.

Before dying, Jean Galéas shared the state between his sons, leaving with Jean Marie the duchy, with Philippe Marie the county of Pisa and in Gabriel Marie, a natural child, the seigniory of Pise.
He succumbed to the epidemic of Peste of 1402, in the castle of Melegnano, leaving the bloodless cases of the State and a widow in serious financial problems. After its death, the authoritative state that it had maintained with all kinds of violences left quickly in parts.

Descent

From its union with Isabelle de Valois were born four children:

Jean Galéas (1366-1373), seven years old death,
Azzone (1368-1380), 12 years old death,
Valentine (Ca 1368-1408),
Carlo (1372-1372), dead baby.

From its union with Catherine were born two wire:

Jean Marie, born in 1388
Philippe Marie born in 1392.

It also had a natural son, Gabriel Marie, with her mistress Agnès Mantegazza.

Random links: