Jean Duvergier de Hauranne

See also: Duvergier de Hauranne

Jean-Ambroise Duvergier de Hauranne , abbot of Saint-Cyran , born with Bayonne in 1581 and deceased with Paris in 1643 was a Religieux and Théologien French which introduced the Jansénisme in France.

Saint-Cyran, to employ this name under which it is most known, devoted itself with a great success to the direction of the consciences to Paris, united with those which tried a religious revival, counted many disciples and friends, inter alia, Arnauld, Bérulle, Lemaistre de Sacy, Bignon, to which it made share his opinions.

After having studied humanities in its birthplace and philosophy with the Sorbonne, it went to Leuwen, not to the university, but to the college Jésuite, where it obtained the control in 1604 with a brilliant thesis, admired by Juste Lipse. It is probably with Leuwen, that it became acquainted with the future theologist Jansenist, Cornelius Jansen (Jansénius), a young disciple of the baianist Jacques Janson. In 1605, the two friends were in Paris, attending together the lessons of the gallican Edmond Richer and studying the first Christianity in the idea to restore to him its place of honor, usurped, as they proclaimed it, by the Scolastique. These studies of patristics, and especially of the literature augustinienne, continued with an incredible energy during almost twelve years, in Paris until in 1611, then in Campiprat (Cantipré), where Duvergier de Hauranne lived, under the protection of Bertrand d' Eschaux, bishop of Bayonne, which made Duvergier canon of its cathedral and Jansen principal of a recently founded college. Duvergier of Hauranne thought that God had chosen it, with Jansen, to reform the Église “ which was in the major degradation and was not any more the true wife of Christ ”. Because, undoubtedly, translation of the bishop of Bayonne to Turns, the two friends left Bayonne in 1617, Jansen returning to Leuwen and going Duvergier with Poitiers where the bishop of Rocheposay, disciple of Scaliger and Humaniste impassioned, accepted it like a friend, gave him a canonicat and the priory of Bonneville then later, in 1620, resigned in its favor the abbey of Saint-Cyran-in-Brenne. The new prelate commendataire resided little in his abbey. In 1622, it returned definitively to Paris, the metropolis offering to him better possibilities for the continuation of its intentions. During the years 1617 - 1635, an assiduous correspondence was continued between Duvergier and Jansen, but there remain about it only the “Letters of Jansénius with Duverger de Hauranne”, seizures at the time of the arrest of Saint-Cyran. These letters, where the conventional signs are of a frequent use, constantly mention the “principal business”, a project and a cabal, i.e. above all, the composition of the Augustinus by Jansen, Saint-Cyran getting busy to recruit guards for the system known as augustinien.

Saint-Cyran maintained, starting from 1623, of the relations with the abbey of Port-Royal, directed by the abbess Angélique Arnauld. Become, starting from 1635, the particular spiritual adviser of these nuns, as well as “ Sirs ” of Port-Royal, Port-Royal became, under its influence, the spiritual center of the Jansénisme.

It was a man of party, skilful, stirring up, and which exerted on his large ascending. Having attacked the Jesuit S in some writings, it was, for this fact, denounced with Richelieu, with which Saint-Cyran had formerly bound of friendship. This minister made it stop the May 15th 1638 and lock up with the Château of Vincennes, under pretext of Hérésie. He held it in prison of 1638 with 1643. Two months after the death of Richelieu, the February 6th 1643, its partisans succeeded in making it release but, physically broken, he died at the end of a few months.

Publications

  • Considerations on the Christian
  • Considerations on Sundays and the festes of the mysteries, and on the festes of Virgin and of the saints , Paris, Widowed death Charles Savreux, 1671
  • Examination of an apology which esté made to be used as defense with one little book entitled the secret chain of Très-Sainct Sacrement And to refute some remarks which swage made on the aforementioned chain , Paris, 1634
  • Instructions chrestiennes , Paris, Pierre the Small one, 1672
  • the Sum of the faults and faussetez capital, contained in the Summa Theologica of the Father François Garasse of the Paris, Society of Jesus , J. Boüillerot, 1626,
  • Christian and spiritual Letters of lord Jean of the Orchard of Havranne, abbot of S. Cyran, who was not still printed until now , Amsterdam, 1744
  • Christian and spiritual Œuvres , Lyon, Thomas Maulry, 1679
  • Peins Aurélius , 1631, work where it treats ecclesiastical hierarchy
  • Pensées morals , ED. Henri Perruchot, Paris, Clermont, F. Sorlot 1944
  • royalle Question and its decision , Paris, Toussainct of Bray, 1609
  • Refvtation of the claimed abuse, & the descouuerte of the true ignorance & vanity of the François father Parked , Paris, 1626
  • familiar Théologie, with various other small treat devotion , Leuwen, 1650

References

  • Louis Frederic Jaccard, Holy Cyran, Precursor of Pascal , Lausanne, Harmony, 1945
  • C. Lancelot, Memories concerning the life of Mister of S. Cyran , Cologne, 1738
  • Joseph Eugene Ernest Laferrière, Study on Jean Duvergier de Hauranne, abbot of Saint-Cyran (1581-1643) , Leuwen, J. Wouters-Ickx 1912
  • Claude Lancelot, Memories concerning the life of Mister de Saint-Cyran , Geneva, Slatkine Reprints, 1968
  • Jean Orcibal, Jean Duvergier de Hauranne, abbot of Saint-Cyran, and his time, 1581-1638 , Leuwen, Offices review, 1947
  • Jean Orcibal, the Spirituality of Saint-Cyran: with its new writings of piety , Paris, Vrin, 1962
  • Jean Orcibal, Saint-Cyran and jansénisme , Paris, Threshold, 1961
  • Pius Schneider, Saint-Cyran und Augustinus im Kulturkreis von Port-Royal , Berlin, Nendeln, Liechtenstein, Kraus Reprint, 1967

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