Jean Carmignac
The abbot Jean Carmignac , disappeared in 1986 at age the 72 years in Paris, devoted his life to the study of the texts of the Gospels. As of the seminar it had begun the study of Hebrew. In 1955 a grant had enabled him to make a stay with the French École biblical and archaeological of Jerusalem founded in 1890 by the father Lagrange. There it was interested in the documents recently discovered in the caves of Qumrân, on the edges of the Dead Sea, and was one of the first to be taken part in their publication in French; since then it did not cease comparing them with the texts Gospels, while drawing the conclusions of a capital interest.
The Carmignac abbot stressed that the Hebrew and the Araméen such as one wrote them with Qumrân between the II E and of the Christian era were the languages that Jesus had practiced. In order to facilitate the comparison between the Gospel of Marc and certain texts esséniens, it had, towards 1963, the idea to translate this Gospel in the form of retroversion, i.e. to say of the Greek into Hebrew. “ At the end of one day's work, written ‑il, I was amazed of what I had a presentiment of, I realized that without any doubt, holy Marc had been written in Hebrew. The words are Greek but the structure of the sentences is Hebraic ”.
This assumption directed most of its activity and of its research around the text of the three synoptic Gospels. It enabled him to correct certain errors and divergences which seemed to exist between these three texts, errors due to a bad reading of the primitive Hebrew text, not vocalized with the ler century. To ensure its positions he sought in the libraries of the whole world the Hebraic retroversions of the Gospels which had been made before him. He found hundreds of them and started to publish most complete. It thus arrived at the conclusion that, as opposed to what one professed since the whole beginning of the twentieth century, the synoptic Gospels (Matthieu, Marc and Luc) had been written on a date very close to died and Résurrection to the Christ, which shows that the Gospels offer the words and the same acts of Christ to us and that they are not the product of pious communities of the turning of the 2nd century what would leave with each one the latitude make a choice among the texts that they bring to us.
It is him which founded in 1958 the Revue of Qumrân that it directed until its death and which continues after him to publish the studies of the specialists in these questions. He took part in the working sessions of the charged commission to prepare the French translations of the liturgical texts after the Council of the Vatican II. However, the solutions that its great knowledge of languages enabled him to propose were not often adopted. As the bishop of its diocese of origin “ wrote it he knew a true drama of conscience vis-a-vis certain translations which he challenged as a scientist and a priest ”. It is in particular about the translation of the sixth request of the Pater Noster : the version proposed (current version) appeared an insult with God to him. To allot to the Father the desire unhealthy to try us, which, in good French means to seek to allure, tighten a trap was for him blasphématoire. And since the Writing affirms explicitly that “ God does not try anybody ” (Jacques 1,13), it seems absurd that Jesus prescribed us to ask the Father not to do that of which he is morally unable. He was then driven out parish in which he exerted his parochial ministry. At this point in time he wrote to his splendid thesis on the Our Father, thesis which he successfully supported the January 29th 1969 with the catholic Institut of Paris in front of the cardinal Daniélou. The Carmignac abbot asked and obtained the authorization to recite the Pater in Latin not to use the official translation of this verse.
This high level scientific work did not prevent it from taking part in the parochial apostolate, in the Paroisse Saint-François ‑ of ‑ Sales (Paris) which had accommodated it and where it was Vicaire with semi ‑ time. “ a priest is desiccated, said ‑il, if it is devoted exclusively to his studies ”. One often saw it with the Confessionnal or the bedside of the patients.
Until its last day it continued its research, took part in many congresses of interpretation organized abroad where its contribution was highly appreciated, pronounced many conferences on its discoveries to help the faithful ones to a better comprehension of the Gospel. It supported with patience humiliations that many French fellow-members inflicted to him. “ That is only outside, said ‑il, the main thing is the life of the heart. But it remains the secrecy of God ”.
External bonds
- Association Jean Carmignac
Summary bibliography
- RESEARCH ON the “OUR FATHER” (1969),
- the MIRAGE Of the ESCHATOLOGIE
- With the LISTENING OF the “OUR FATHER” (1984)
- BIRTH OF the SYNOPTIC GOSPELS (1984)
- RE-EXAMINED QUMRÂN, since the foundation in 1958. (ED. Gabalda, Paris)
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