Jean-Claude Pecker

Jean-Claude Pecker , (born the May 10th 1923 with Rheims, the Marne, France), is a Astrophysicien French. He is professor emeritus with the Collège de France (Pulpit of theoretical Astrophysics), and member of the Academy of Science.

Biography

Wire of a scientific father and a literary mother, Jean-Claude Pecker was interested very early in the Astronomie then with the Astrophysique. Studious pupil, his schooling is held without encumbers with the college Michel de Montaigne of Bordeaux until the Second world war which it crosses in clandestinity.

Into the release it integrates the National university where it follows in 1945 the courses of Alfred Kastler. It presents the aggregation of physical sciences in 1946 then brilliantly obtains its doctorate ( Contribution to the theory of the spectral type 2 - nuclear moments ) in 1950.

University lecturer in station with Clermont-Ferrand of 1952 with 1955, it becomes of astronomer to the Observatoire of Paris before being appointed director of the Observatoire of Nice in 1962. In 1963 it integrates the Collège de France where it will teach until in 1988. He will be also director of the Institute of astrophysics of CNRS of 1972 with 1978. He will also occupy starting from 1990 a post of Vice-president of the National Commission for UNESCO until in 1996. He will occupy of many official and nonofficial functions in particular as President of the astronomical Société of France of 1973 with 1976.

In 2005, it received the International Humanist Award delivered by the International Humanist and Ethical Union .

Scientific course

Jean-Claude Pecker published very many scientific articles like popularization, but also in the fields of art or poetry. He also emitted criticisms on disciplines which he regards as false sciences like the Astrologie. It made for this reason party of the Cercle zetetic.

This principal work in astronomy and astrophysics was devoted in particular to the stellar solar atmospheres and (exact theory of the saturation of the lines, hot stars, first effective resolution of the problem “not-gray” of radiative balance) and to the relations Sun - Ground (introduction of the cone of avoidance confirmed by the observations of the coronaux holes of the Sun).

As of the Années 1950 it is interested in the cosmological debate to which it devotes publications. Jean-Claude Pecker disputes the standard model of the Big Bang and suggests alternative solutions, but partial according to his own terms (discussion of the arguments favorable to a model of quasi-static universe, role of the cosmological Constante, origin of the cosmological diffuse Fond).

He is signatory with 33 other scientists of one open letter at the scientific community who complain about what they describe as predominance of a standard model of the Big Bang and Expansion of the Universe. Nevertheless put forth assumptions, as that of the tired Lumière is criticized, if not completely been unaware of by current cosmologists.

Jean-Claude Pecker contributed to the popularization of astronomy by his works intended for the general public translated into English as in Chinese.

Distinctions

1957 : Price Jules Jansen

Works

the Sky Ed.Delpire and Hennann 1959,1972
Astronomy from day to day (with Couderc and Évry Schatzman) Gauthier Villars 1954
Astrophysical general (with Évry Schatzman) Masson 1959
experimental Astronomy PUF 1969
space Laboratories PUF 1969
Astronomy new (director) Hatchet 1971
Dad, say to me, astronomy what it is? Ophrys 1971 - Key palates of the Discovery 1981
for Astronomy Seghers 1981
Under the Star Sun Beech 1984
Astronomy Flammarion (directing) Flammarion 1986
to include/understand the Universe (with Delsemme and Hubert Reeves) Flammarion 1990
the future of the Sun Hatchet 1990
the Walker of the Sky Stock 1992
the Sun are a star Explored-CSI 1992
Understanding the Heavens Springer 2001
the universe explored little by little explained Odile Jacob 2004
astronomical photography Delpire-Press Pocket 2004
Current Issues in Cosmology (directing of the work with Jayant Narlikar) ED. Cambridge University Near, Cambridge, the U.K. & New York 2006
Lalande - Correspondence I and II ED. Vrin to appear 2007

Quotation

" I have been completely favorable to the Esperanto for 60 years, but I am obliged to note that the world does not go in this direction… A common auxiliary language could be effective only if imposed by the public authorities of many countries on the level of the elementary schooling … It is not unhealthy to swim with counter-current: that requires forces considérables."

See too

Zététique
Circle zetetic
Cosmology nonstandard

External bonds

Page at the Collège de France
Page with the Academy of Science
Big Bang? Not Big Bang? : discusses on the origins of the Universe

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