Jean-Bertrand Aristide was the president of the republic of Haiti in 1991, again of 1994 with 1996, and finally of 2001 with 2004.

Biography

Jean-Bertrand Aristide is born the July 15th 1953, made studies of seminarist, becomes priest salésien. After a short stay passed in a Canadian psychiatric hospital, it returns to Haiti with the firm intention to become President of the Republic. Turned over at the laic state by exemption of the the Vatican, it Marie in 1996 with Mildred Trouillot, lawyer of American nationality of Haitian origin. They have two girls (girls that he had threatened to kill at the time of an argument with his wife) and a son born in Africa.

Until the day of today, it continues to send money in its country of origin to the various armed gangs to destabilize the country.

The opponent

He makes his entry on the scene Politique in 1985 as committed priest in favor of the Théologie of the release and solved adversary of the president Jean-Claude Duvalier. The protest movements against the mode and the uncles macoutes forced this Dictateur with the exile in France on February 7th 1986.

In May 1986, the partisans of Aristide take as an hostage members of the National school of Arts and Trades and some of its ecclesiastical superiors, following the decision of the latter to reallocate it elsewhere. Its superiors cancel this decision following demonstrations.

At the time of the coup d'etat of the September 17th 1988, its partisans express again. This increasingly marked politization of the priest becomes incompatible with his apostolate with the eyes of its superiors, in particular the apostilic nonciature. On order of the Vatican, those decide to exclude it from the Congregation of Salésiens to the end of the year 1988 by showing it to put the Church at the service of the policy and exalter the class struggle.

This expulsion enabled him to arise to the presidential election 1990, under the banner of the FNCD (Front National for the Change and the Democracy), left of which it made set fire to the once elected room.

First presidency and the coup d'etat

Its candidature made it possible to gather part of the people which up to that point, had shown themselves not very interested in the elections. After approximately a six week campaign, Aristide is elected president d' Haïti the December 16th 1990, at the conclusion of an election marked by the threats and violences of the partisans of Aristide as well towards the candidates concurents as towards the STOCK (Provisoir Electoral calendar) which determined to proclaim it victorious.

Its oath-taking takes place the February 7th 1991, one month after its partisans had obliged the army to thwart an coup attempt of state orchestrated by Roger Lafontant, a strong former member of the mode of Duvalier. During the first months of his government, the new president tries to draw up the people against the army. He places his friends in the public administration and preaches hatred against nonpoor people. But it alienates also the Parliament by some of its speeches flamers and threatening with respect to the members of Parliament who dared to challenge his close friend First-Minister, Rene Préval. The overflowing ambition of underhand Général Raoul Cédras is at the origin of the coup d'etat of the September 30th 1991 which forces it to be exiled initially with the Venezuela and then with the the United States of America, that it qualified a few months before " Great Impérialiste" Satan;.

During her exile, Jean Bertrand Aristide succeeds in convincing the administration Clinton and the international agencies interested in the files of Haiti to recognize only her government in exile in their offering to deliver the country to them as of her return, thus obliging the actors of the coup d'etat to negotiate her return.

To force the hand with the latter, a Embargo is forced on the country with its request. An embargo which was responsible for several tens of thousands of deaths, in particular of children, whom had with prohibition to sell certain drugs to the Haitians. Even the fuel and food were included in this embargo which made move back the country of more than 25 years.

The support of its partisans of the interior, the pressure of those of outside, the sympathy of the black congressmen of the United States end up pushing the Americans to restore it in its functions, after having pushed Cédras to leave the capacity. The October 15th 1994, protected by 22.000 American soldiers, Aristide returned to Haiti after a three years exile. Paradox of the paradoxes, since Aristide had always praised itself to be the spiritual son of Charlemagne Péralte (large resistant Haitian to the first American Occupation, it was killed by the American soldiers). At the time of its last eighteen months with the capacity, it removes in spite of prescribed Constitution the Armed forces of Haiti and creates a national police force entirely devoted to its mode. It is at this time that the term of " appears; Large Mangeurs" , these famous close relations of Aristide who grew rich per Million by Dollars whereas the country was impoverished day in day.

In the shade of Préval

The elections of the December 15th 1995 devote the victory of its foal Rene Garcia Préval, his former Prime Minister. Become ordinary citizen the February 7th 1996, Aristide carries out a discrete life preferring to keep an influence in the slides. He marries in January 1996 Mildred Trouillot, an American citizen born Haitian parents and one from the legal consultants of the government in exile, which gives him two girls. He creates the Fondation Aristide for the Democracy , a kind of think tank on the policy and a laboratory of social economy. Its villa with Tabarre becomes a place of appointment and visiting required passage of the dignitaries or on mission in Haiti.

To prepare its return to the capacity, it founds a political party called Pati Fanmi Lavalas in 1996. In front of these inclinations, certain tenors of the movement lavalas of the first hours refuse to encase the step and constitute themselves in opposition. The candidates of its party leave victorious the elections of the May 21st 2000; elections décriées by the opponents and certain international organizations like a massive fraud in favor of the lavalassiens.

Second presidency and the rebellion

The Democratic Convergence , born from the refusal to accept the result of the elections of May 21st, is unaware of the partial ones of fishing out and boycotts presidential November 26th. Jean Bertrand Aristide is elected president for the second time. It takes its functions the February 7th 2001 in an atmosphere of political crisis. Indeed, this same day, with the room of Democratic Convergence, the members of this coalition attend the oath-taking of Master Gerard Gourgue as provisional president charged, in the two next years, to organize elections.

Three years after its oath-taking, this coalition radicalizes its standpoint. The crisis has many aspects: not-declared embargo, violence of certain baptized partisans of Aristide dreams , massive corruption of its government, the emergence of the group of the 184 directed by haïtiano-American of origin Lebanon ease Andre Apaid, the murder in obscure circumstances of Amiot Sharecropper, a former partisan and an escaped prisoner of prison whose head was claimed by the international community, and the catch of certain cities of North by the partisans of the popular quarters of Raboteau (Gonaives) of Amiot ( Armée cannibal ) made up from now on in revolutionary Face of resistance helped of the former members of the Armed forces.

The group of the 184 changes the political data and even manages to eclipse the traditional opposition gathered within Convergence. With its financial great ways, its knowledge of the international lobbying and sympathies in certain embassies in Port-au-Prince, the international decision makers finish by him granting an attentive ear.

President Aristide would thus have been forced to resign and leave Haiti in the morning of the February 29th, 2004. HTTP www.aristidethefilm.com

The exile

After a passage to the Jamaica, and in Central Africa the May 31st 2004 it takes refuge with its family with Johannesburg.

A complaint is deposited, Thursday November 3rd 2005, by the Haitian government against former president Jean-Bertrand Aristide and seven other former ministers and senior officials. It is shown by the opposition parties which took part in the blow against him, to have flown to the State of tens of million dollars to the profit of its family and her close relations and to have taken part in the drug trafficking. No proof was still found. Aristide declared on several occasions his desire for turning over to Haiti.

Price and medals

• First Chancellor' S Distinguished Honor (October 4th 1996 by the University of Berkeley).
• Price UNESCO 1996 of Education to the Human rights (January 8th 1997 of UNESCO)
• Gold medal of the world day of the food (April 22nd 2002 of FAO)

See too