Javrezac

Javrezac is a common French, located in the department of the Charente and the area Poitou-Charentes. Its inhabitants is called the javrezacais and javrezacaises .

Geography

Javrezac is a commune located on Right Bank of Charente, just downstream from Cognac on banks of the Antenne. It is bordering on the communes of Cognac, Cherves-Richemont and Saint-Laurent-of-Cognac.

It is geologically a fine limestone plate which dates date from the Tithonien (in the past named stage Portlandien). In this limestone the river dug its valley to lead to the very broad valley of the Charente, well before there jetter. All the valley is easily flooded and the low part of Javrezac is in zone at the risk. It was set up a PAPI (and prevention action plan of the floods) copilot by the state and the Institution of the Charente river which is a EPTB (territorial public corporation of basin). The service of forecast of believed for the basin of Charente announces the risings. The wave of rising puts 48h to go from Mansle to Javrezac. All the works on the Antenne open before the rising then on its arrival are closed partially so that a contribution of the Antenne does not come to worsen the rising of Charente on the level of Javrezac.

The old part of the village is built in height on the slope of the plate which dominates the Antenne

Javrezac is at the Cognac exit on the axis Angouleme Saintes, crossed by the secondary roads 945 and 79. But the Cognac deviation relieved the village of the traffic.

Its vineyard is located in name cognac, vintage of Borderies.

History

Toponymy

Its name could come from the Gallic gabro which means goat, or from the name Gabros owner of villa what shows a existance since the Gallic or Gallo-Roman time.

Antiquity and the Middle Ages

The shelters under rocks of Right Bank of the Antenna between Javrezac and Angeliers were occupied since the Neolithic era.

Of XVIe century at our days

A document of 1537 shows us Javrezac with its mills (it is not specified if it sagit of two buildings or a black mill and a white mill in the same place) located downstream from Angeliers, provided with roadways on two banks of the Antenne in joint possession enters the abbey of Fontdouce and the commander of Chateaubernard. Forests, houses, gardens, and the vines of several owners are noted. The port of Javrezac is noted there thus that the way active of this port with Saint-Laurent-of-Cognac

With the " pérat of Angelier" , in Javrezac, one crossed the Antenna on " planches" that one removed in the event of rising, except for one only, of a foot broad. Javersac or Javerzac was royal Cognac jurisdiction. It was a cure of the old diocese the Holy ones, of the archpriest of Jarnac.

Bernard de Javerzac, who was partly lord of Javerzac is a poet of the 17th century, died after 1660 which published a Entière description of the town of Cognac in 1625.

Javrezac is the orthography of the 18th century.

The current buildings of the mill of Angeliers and the mill of Javrezac date from the 18th century and were altered at the 19th century

March 7th, 1787 the representatives of Javrezac at the preliminary assembly of the General states which is held with the chapter house of Récollets de Cogac are Landard and François Billard

Of June 13rd, 1940 at semi July 1940 the French branch of " The Royal Bank off Canada" leave Paris for Javrezac. Henry Gagnon his director keeps the open establishment. As the branch remained opened, the German occupying forces authorize it to turn over with its 14 remaining employees to 3, rue Scribe, in Paris and it takes again the activities. .

Demography

Javrezac, very near to the town of Cognac did not know a rural migration at the end of the 19th century. Its population increased by 60% at the 19th century then of 6% at the 20th century.

The commune include/understand 311 credits whose 270 have an employment (unemployment rate of 12,9%).

The 270 credits having an employment are 161 men and 100 women of which 225 are paid and 45 nonpaid.

Economy

Several great distillings are established in Javrezac as well as producers of pineau.

The artisanal and commercial activity is limited to some craftsmen of the BTP, a manufacturer of pallets, a landscape designer, a hairdresser and a baker who makes bar tobacco, as well as an antique dealer. All the marketing activity is in Cognac with very a supermarket bordering on Javrezac.

Equipment and Services

Education

Public elementary school Jean Rostand .

Colleges and College are in Cognac.

Health

An old people's home must open in 2009.

All the other services, equipment and trade are in Cognac.

Places and monuments

Architectural heritage

In the church Saint Pierre only the chorus is 12th century because it was altered at the 15th century then rebuilt as from 1857. The bell-tower dates from the 20th century (inscription painted in the bell-tower: 1903)

The home of the Bouquet carries goes back it to 1670 on its gate. The locality the Bouquet is reproduced on the chart of Cassini like smallholding. It would have been a relay of hunting of François Ist Currently it is a manor of 17th or 18th century in ground floor.

Many houses and farms characteristic of the rural architecture of the 17th century at the 19th century are studied and located on the Mérimée Basis. It form a traditional Charente-native architecture with the bleached walls and the roofs of tile as well in the village built on the slope as in the habitat dispersed on the remainder of the commune. Along the Antenna are two laundrettes one in Javrezac and downstream with Gade-Dog and two mills whose current buildings are 18th century altered at the 19th century. The mill of Angeliers is located upstream in part of the river at several arms provided with a complex system with locks, whereas the mill of Javrezac is in the village.

The field of Gallienne is an important industrial distilling since 1962 with in 1973 eight boilers of 25 hl and four of 130 hl. The home is reproduced on the chart of Cassini and in 1824 was the property of Mr Billard, mayor of Javrezac.

Natural heritage

The site Natura 2000 of the valley of the Antenne comprises a Aulnaie - Frênaie of edge maintained to maintain the banks.

The description made in the card of site FR5400473 one of the regional alluvial sites best preserved with in particular of surfaces still important glazes of easily flooded alder plantation-ash plantation traversed by dense hairy of secondary arms of the Antenna, a small river with water of good quality .

This river of first piscicultural category has an average minimal flow of 0.49 m3/s.

The remarkable mammals on this site will natura 2000 are the Loutre S and the minks of Europe, this last is more present only in seven French departments. Many measurements are installation for its protection as the trapping of the Ragondin S carried out with traps provided with a small opening which makes it possible the minks of Europe to escape.

The Batraciens are numerous with presence of two species of tree frog S Frenchwomen, Crapaud S and salamander S.

The fish find many spawning grounds, they are numerous and of various species, Brochet, Truite, carp, Anguille but also chub, Lamproie To plane and river lamprey like cyprinidés of running water (Chevesne, barbel, pin).

In addition to many Insect S currents, one finds several species of Libellule S.

Personalities related to the commune

Bernard de Javerzac, historian and poet of the 17th century
Marie Rio which was declared “Just among the Nations” of France.

See too

Notes and references of the article

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