Jan Evangelista Purkinje

Jan (or Johannes ) Evangelista Purkinje , born with Libochovice close to Litomerice the December 17th 1787 and died in Prague the July 28th 1869, is a Anatomiste and Czech Neurophysiologiste . He brought to the biomedical Sciences an undeniable contribution.

Formation

Originating in Western Bohemia (current Czech Republic), it makes studies of medicine to the Université of Prague, which it leaves graduate in 1819. It gives up the exercise of the private clinic gradually to devote itself to research in Neurobiologie which was only with its first stammerings. It becomes in 1823 professor in pathology and in physiology with Breslau in Prussia and it founds in 1839 there the very first laboratory of physiology before joining Prague.

Purkinje was a man of a great scholarship: he spoke 13 languages and translated several works of Goethe or Schiller into Czech language.

Work

Purkinje carries out many experiments on the direction which are regarded as work founders of the experimental Psychologie. Nevertheless, its most known research relates to the Nervous system.

One owes him:

  1. the discovery of the cells of Purkinje, cells coordinators placed in the Cerebellum;
  2. the discovery of the fibers of Purkinje in the Cœur (1839) which it initially believes of cartilagineux type, then of muscular type, the real role of these muscular cells being discovered only in 1906 by Tawara;
  3. the introduction of the terms of plasma and Protoplasm;
  4. the introduction of the Microtome in biology;
  5. Various studies of the effects of the Belladonna, the Camphor and the Opium;
  6. the description of the seminiferous tubes in the human Testicle S;
  7. the description of the glands sudoripares which produce the Sueur;
  8. the description, in 1823, that the digital fingerprints could be used to identify the individuals;
  9. the proteolytic action of the enzymes pancreatic S;
  10. a multitude of studies on the eye and the Vision in general, of which the discovery of the Effect Purkinje

Reference

  • '' Why Does the Happy Heart? The Discovery off the Electrical System off the Heart '', Mr. Silverman, D Grove, C Upshaw, Circulation. 2006; 113: 2775-2781

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