James Addison Baker III (born the April 28th 1930) is a diplomat American and a politician, member of the Republican party, old Secrétaire with the Treasury of Ronald Reagan between 1985 and 1988 and old Secretary of State of George H.W. Bush of 1989 with 1993.

Studies and professional path

James Baker was born the April 28th 1930 with Houston, with the Texas.

Graduate of Princeton in 1952, it makes his Military service in the Corps of the Marines of the United States of America during two years and obtains the rank of lieutenant there.

He resumes then his studies at the school of right of the Université of Texas and receives his diploma in 1957.

Until 1975, it works within the law firm " Andrews & Kurth".

Political career (1970-1993)

James Baker is politically initially affiliated with the Democratic party but in 1970, it rejoins the Republican party to direct without success the countryside of George H.W. Bush to the Sénat of the United States.

In 1975, he becomes the under-secretary with the trade in the administration of the president Gerald Ford.

In 1978, Baker tries to be made elect as Attorney General of the State of Texas but is beaten.

Within the administration of Ronald Reagan (1981-1989)

In 1980, it directs the countryside of George H.W. Bush at the time of the republican primary educations and in 1981 is named principal private secretary of the White House after the victory of Ronald Reagan.

Until 1985 at this station, it will have a great influence on the national policy of the republican administration.

In 1984, it directs the countryside of Ronald Reagan for her re-election with greatest success.

In January 1985, Reagan appoints it Secrétaire with the Treasury to replace Donald Regan, which takes again the station of Baker at the White House.

In 1988, Baker successfully takes the direction of the presidential campaign of George H.W. Bush.

Secretary of State (1989-1992) of George H.W. Bush

In 1989, Baker becomes the Secretary of State of president Bush. It is at this station that it will manage the Fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of the countries Communiste S of Europe of the East, the fall of the Soviet Union, the invasion of the Kuwait by the Iraq of Saddam Hussein in 1990 and the war of the Gulf against Iraq in 1991.

It is one of the principal American initiators of the negotiations between Israélien S and Palestinian S (Conférence of Madrid). It is also one of the inspirers of the German reunification of 1990 at the side of the chancellor Helmut Kohl and president Bush.

In 1991, it is decorated with the medal of freedom (Presidential Medal off Freedom).

In August 1992, it joined the team of presidential campaign of Bush then after the defeat of this last vis-a-vis Bill Clinton in November 1992, briefly becomes again the principal private secretary of the White House.

Public and private career since 1993

In March 1997, Baker is named as a personal envoy with the the Western Sahara of the general secretary of UNO.

In November 2000, he is the legal adviser and the envoy of George W. Bush in Florida to counter the legal procedure engaged by Al Gore and the democrats aiming at making recount all ballot papers of certain counties of Florida and reverse the local victory of Bush acquired by a few hundreds of voice in advance.

In June 2004, it resigns of its function of representative of the the United Nations to the Sahara-Westerner, disappointed by the little of efforts of the government of the Morocco and the Front Polisario to manage an peace agreement.

In 2004, it remains one of the principal partners of the law firm Baker Botts and a prestigious adviser of the Groupe Carlyle.

The president of the Group of studies on Iraq

In March 2006, it is charged by the Congress and the president George W. Bush to chair a commission entitled " Group of study on Iraq (GEI) " , made up of ten members, republicans and democrats, and of which the goal is to redefine the policy to be carried out in Iraq. The commission is charged to give its conclusions for the end of the year 2006, which should oscillate between two options, one recommending a concentration of the forces on Baghdad coupled with opening of negotiations policies with the insurrectionists, the Syria and the Iran and the second proposing a gradual withdrawal of the American troops, without however defining calendar. James Baker did not hide as of October during televised interviews being in favor of the first option.

Married to Susan Garrett, the Baker couple has eight children.

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