Jaipur - SpeedyLook encyclopedia

Jaipur (in Indian जयपुर) - of jai , victory and pure , city - is the capital of the Indian State of the the Rajasthan. The situation of the city, in a basin protected by the Ârâvalli, enabled him to be defended rather easily, the road of Delhi being held by the fortress of Amber with ten kilometers. Jaipur is to 430 m of altitude and 260 km of Delhi.

History of the city

Contrary to the majority of the human settlements of the Indian Sous-continent, where the least village has often more than 2.000 years, it is of recent foundation and it is the work of the maharaja Jai Singh II, a Râjput of the family of the Kachhwâhâ.

The Maharaja calls upon the Bengali Brahmane Vidyadhar Bhattacharya to design the city which is founded in 1727 and whose principal work - principal palates, which occurred and central public garden - will last 4 years. Located at the foot of the mounts Ârâvalli, it follows a checkerboard plan 3 by 3 and is surrounded by wall a 6 m height and 4 m broad. The entry of the city is done via 8 doors. Jaipur original comprised broad some 34 m broad avenues, the remainder of the streets composing the squaring is not lower than 4 m in width. The shops know also a standardized size, an astonishing rigor in the chaos baroque which reigns in the majority of the cities of the sub-continent.

In the beginning, the city was not uniform pink that one currently knows to him, but of a broad pallet, mainly of the gray with appreciations of white. However, in preparation for the visit of the prince Albert, in 1853, it was painted pink in its totality, pink being to it a traditional color of welcome. It kept this use since.

The astronomical observatory of Jaïpur has refers in the whole world since its startup (1726) until the beginning of modern times.

History of the principality

The principality is created in 1093 under the name of Dhundhar with Amber for capital, it will cease existing only with the independence of India in 1947. In 1900, its total surface area exceeds the 25.000 km ². The mahârâjas of Jaipur belong to the clan Râjput Kachhwâhâ, which asserts to go down from Ramâ, the king of Ayodhya.

The reigning dynasty of Jaipur provides to the Empire moghol some of its most distinguished generals. Among them, one notes Rajah Man Singh I, which fights with their service in Kabul and Orissa; Rajah Jai Singh I, more known by its imperial title of Mirza Râja, and which assists Aurangzeb in all its wars of the Deccan like Maharaja Jai Singh II, or Sawai Jai Singh II, mathematician and astronomer celebrates and the founder of the town of Jaipur where it moves the capital since Amber. In 1727, the town of Jaipur (Jayapura) is founded and the state takes its name.

Towards the end of the 18th century, the Jats of Bhâratpur and the râja of Âlwâr seize each one of part of the principality which knows one period of disorders and confusion following its confrontation with Marâthes, its conflicts with the principality of Jodhpur and with the exactions of Amîr Khân, the Afghan adventurer and of its Dacoït S Pindarî. By a treaty of 1818, the principality passes under the protection of the Britanniques in exchange of an annual tribute. In 1835, the British administration intervenes to put a term at the disorders which burst in the city.

During the Revolt of Cipayes, the mahârâja gives its support for the British.

Leaders: Râja then Mîrzâ Râja then Sawâi Mahârâja

Râja

1093 - 1136: Dulha Râo
1136 -? : Kankal
? -? : Maidal Râo
? -? : Hunadeva
? - 1185: Kantal I
1185 - 1191: Pujanadeva
1191 -? : Malesi
? -? : Byala
? -? : Deva
? -? : Kilhan
1276 - 1317: Kantal II
1317 - 1367: Jansi
1367 -? : Udayakarna
? - 1413: Nara Singh
? - 1424: Banbir Singh
? - 1453: Udha Râo
1453 - 1502: Chandrasena
1502 - 1527: Prithvi Singh I
1527 - 1534: Puran Badly
1534 - 1537: Bhim Singh
1537 - 1548: Ratan Singh
1548 - 1574: Baharmalla (or Bihârî Mal) of which the girl Mariam az-Zamânî wife the emperor moghol Akbar
1574 - 1589: Bhagwan Dâs

Mirza Râja

1589 - 1614: Man Singh I
1614 - 1621: Bhao Singh
1621 - 1667: Jai Singh I
1667 - 1688: RAM Singh I
1688 - 1699: Bishan Singh

Sawâi Mahârâja

1699 - 1743: Jai Singh II
1743 - 1750: Ishwari Singh
1750 - 1768: Madho Singh I
1768 - 1778: Prithvi Singh II
1778 - 1803: Pratap Singh
1803 - 1818: Jagat Singh II
1818 - 1819: Mohan Singh - regent
1819 - 1835: Jai Singh III
1835 - 1880: RAM Singh II
1880 - 1922: Madho Singh II
1922 - 1947: Man Singh II

Inheritance of the city

The city comprises some monuments of a historical interest and tourist some:

the Hawa Mahal or palate of the winds
the Jantar Mantar
the City De luxe hotel

See too

Internal bonds

External bonds

Association friends of Jaipur for the safeguard of the human inheritance and the inheritance built of the town of Jaipur http://www.lesamisdejaipur.org

Random links:

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