Jacques Pierre Brissot

Jacques Pierre Brissot de Warville (Chartres, January 15th 1754 - Paris, October 31st 1793), which added to its patronym the anglicized shape of the village where it had been put as a nurse, Ouarville, in 1774, was presented wrongly like the leader of the Girondins during the French revolution.

Biography

Thirteenth child of a rich person delicatessen grill-room owner of Chartres, after studies of right, he becomes clerk of prosecutor in Paris. In rupture with its rich person family, he saw literary expédients, he sells his feather and his talent, overflowing of projects, multiplying the writings, polygraph by nature and need. He makes known himself by a Théorie of the criminal laws (1780, 2 vol.) and a philosophical Bibliothèque of the legislator… (1782 - 1786, 10 vol.). Nourished doctrines of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, it starts to write Pamphlet S on the Social inequality and collaborates in 1778 - 1779 in the Courier of Europe of Samuel Swinton which supports the American insurrectionists, and where it meets Charles Théveneau de Morande, with which it maintains very bad reports/ratios. Imprisoned with London for debts, following démèlés with Swinton and of a charge of lampoon against Marie Antoinette - Pastimes of Antoinette - it is locked up for two months with the Bastille (1784). If it seems established, after work of Simon Burrows, that Brissot is not the author of Libelle against the Queen, the lampoon the Diable in a stoup seems to have profited from its collaboration. While leaving prison, it goes in England where it writes the Journal of the college of London (1783 - 1784), whose literary notes preserve interest. At that time it is also, just like Nicolas Bergasse or the Marquis de Lafayette, a partisan of the animal Magnétisme of the German doctor Franz Anton Mesmer. It will reject later animal magnetism like practice counter-revolutionary.

He becomes secretary of Louis-Philippe of Orleans (Philippe Égalité). In 1788, it leaves for the the United States where it spends four months for a business of land acquisition. It is accompanied by the Genevese financier Etienne Clavière. It passes then to the Netherlands where it attends the Révolution brabançonne.

Returned to France, during the meeting of the General states (1789), it launches a republican newspaper the Patriote French , which is a great success. Elected with the first municipality of Paris, it is among the founders of the Société of the friends of the Blacks to abolish the draft of the blacks and not the Esclavage, even if the idea is from now on goes from there (the difference is essential). After the escape of Louis XVI in June 1791, it writes with the field of Mars the petition for the forfeiture of the king (July 17th 1791) and requires the proclamation of the Republic, while being opposed to its old knowledge, the royalist Charles Théveneau de Morande, of which he becomes the enemy.

Elected to the legislative Parliament the same year, he is opposed to Maximilien de Robespierre on the question of the war and is one of keenest to defend the declaration of war to the powers of Europe.

Re-elected with the Convention (1792) by the department of the Eure and Loir, he becomes the leader of the " Brissotins" who fight excesses of the Mountain dwellers, soon the Girondins. It defends in particular the federalism and attracts oneself the hatred of Robespierre. Put in arrest with Of Gironde the June 2nd 1793, it can flee, but is stopped with Moulins, is condemned to died and guillotine the October 31st 1793. It is buried with the expiatory vault in Paris.

He is the author of a Voyage to the United States 1791. One published into 1829-1832 his Mémoires and his political Legacy (4 vol.).

He had married Félicité Dupont (1759-1818), which translated English works, in particular of Oliver Goldsmith and Robert Dodsley.

Note

Random links: