Jacques Ier of Scotland

See also: Jacques Ier

Jacques Ier Stuart ( James I in English, Seumas Ier in Scottish Gaelic), known as “the prisoner”, born the July 25th 1394 with Dunfermline, dead the February 21st 1437 with Perth), was king of the Scot ('' King off Scots ''), theoretically of 1406 with 1437, although between 1406 and 1424, he was king only of name.

Biography

Wire of the king Robert III of Scotland, he became heir to the throne in 1402, after the death of his David brother. The activity of certain large noble made that it was sent in France in 1406 to guarantee its safety.

During this voyage it was captured by the English and was brought to Henri IV of England which required a ransom of his/her father. Robert III, says one, would have died of sorrow to this news. The uncle of the Jacques young person, Robert, Duke of Albany, thus became regent of Scotland, but did not press itself to pay the ransom of the young king, thus preserving his capacity on the kingdom. Jacques Ier remained eighteen years imprisoned in London. During this captivity, it éprit of Jeanne Beaufort, an English princess to whom he became engaged.

Robert d' Albany died in 1420, and the ransom of 40.000 £ was finally paid. Jacques turned over to Scotland in 1424, finding the country in chaos. It Maria with Jeanne, girl of Jean Beaufort, Count de Somerset, of which he had eight children. Jacques was crowned king with the abbey of Scone in Perthshire the 2 or the May 21st 1424. He harnessed himself immediately with the resumption in hand of the kingdom. He in particular made carry out his cousin Murdoch, the son of Robert d' Albany, like two of his sons, the May 24th 1425.

Jacques concluded of many financial reforms and legal. He tried to reform the Parliament of Scotland on the English model. In the field of the foreign politics, it renewed Old Alliance ( Auld Alliance ) free-Scottish in 1428.

Its policy caused many dissatisfactions, which brought in the last years of its reign a dispute on royal legitimacy. The great-grandfather of Jacques Ier, Robert II had married twice. Its first marriage, from which Jacques went down, had occurred under doubtful conditions. The descendants of the second marriage disputed the legitimacy of the king. He was finally assassinated by Sir Robert Graham with the Dominican convent of Perth in February 1437. His/her son Jacques II made carry out in March 1437 all those which had soaked in the plot, like Walter, count of Atholl, uncle de Jacques Ier, like his grandson Robert, all the two descendants of Robert II.

Descent

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