Jacques Fitz-James de Berwick

Jacques Ier Fitz-James (August 21st 1670 - June 12th 1734), Duke of Berwick-upon-Tweed, Marshal of France was the natural son of Jacques II Stuart, King d' Angleterre and of Arabella Churchill, sister of John Churchill, Duc of Marlborough.

It made its first weapons in Hungary, and assisted with the Siège of Bude in 1686. It took after the revolution of 1688 a very active share with all the attempts which were made to replace his/her father on the throne, was made naturalize French when its cause was desperate. This brilliance officer begins then with the service of the France. It was useful under Luxembourg and Villeroy, and developed great military talents. Louis XIV entrusted to him in 1704 the command of the French troops in Spain; the following year it sent it against the Camisard S of the Languedoc. It is made marshal in 1706 and is again sent in Spain. At the time of the War of succession of Spain, it restores the situation in favor of Philippe V by inflicting defeats with the Austrians, Almansa (1707) which returned to Philippe V the kingdom of Valence and the last battle where a French Army ordered by an English general faced a ordered English army a general French (Lord Galloway, Marquis de Ruvigny, emigrant huguenot in England).

Then, of 1709 with 1711, it maintained the borders south-eastern of France in the Dauphiné and the Savoy, which made it possible France to defer its efforts on the north-eastern border. In 1714, it took Barcelona. The war being relit in 1719, it removed with the Spaniards Fontarabie, Urgel and Saint-Sebastien. In 1733, it accepted the command of the Armée with the Rhine at the time of the War of succession of Poland. It found death the head carried by a ball at the time of the Siège of Philippsburg. Berwick was placed as general with dimensions of Claude Louis Hector de Villars and of Nicolas de Catinat.

At the time of the treated of Utrecht, in 1713, it convainquit Louis XIV to ask the annexation of the Valley of Ubaye, to reinforce the French border of the Alps.

His Memories , published in an incomplete way by Guillaume Plantavit of the Pause, abbot of Margon in 1737, were it more exactly by his grandson the duke of Fitz-James in 1778.

He was married 2 times: in 1695 with Honoured with Burgo, widow of Patrick Sarsfields and girl of William de Burke and in 1700 with Anne, girl of Henry de Bulkeley

See too

Maison of Fitz-James
Maison Silva de Balboa
Shine-Eduardo Silva Fitz-James
Christian Andrés Silva Fitz-James
Cayetana Fitz-James there Silva

Source

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