Ivoirity

The ivoirity is a political concept of the Ivory Coast, defining the national characters of the Ivory Coast.

Certain authors bring it closer to the concept of National preference .

Preliminary concepts

The Ivory Coast shelters 60 Ethnie S gathered in great units. Each ethnicity is characterized by a unit from codes, custom and habits traditional:

in the North-East: the group of Dioula Malinkés (Dioula means in will bambara trading, Dioula is thus not the name of people but of a whole of people Mandingues)
in the North-West: the Sénoufos (whose various languages are of " family; gur" - formerly indicated by " voltaïque"). Their languages and traditions are very different from those of Mandingues.
in the west: the Krou S (Bété, Dida, Gouro, Wè) develop west coast with the Western center
of the center in south-east: the Akan S (Abron, Agnis, Appoloniens (Nzima), Baoulé S…).

These 4 groups occupy of the relatively large space zones, and the people inside even are often heteroclite, but not antagonists.

63 % of the population declares Moslem and 35% Christian, but in a total way 82% have practices traditional animists.

The concept of ivoirity

The Ivoirité is a concept aiming at defining nationality of the Ivory Coast in a process of democratization and national unification of a company in lack of imaginary " broadly national". It is based on cultural concepts and aims at promoting the cultures and national productions. The concept of ivoirity appeared in 1945 has Dakar, with students of the Ivory Coast. It reappears with Bedie in 1994 in a context of economic revival.

The ivoirity appears by calls to the national dash via commercials (radio, public posting, television and newspapers of press) with a simple slogan: " Let us consume ivoirien" the message wants to be and simple clearly.

The political aspect

The word is employed initially by the president Henri Konan Bédié in 1993. It makes a rather liberal use of it, by making a project of common cultural identity for the 60 ethnos groups composing the Ivory Coast, the nationals of the Ivory Coast like the foreigners (who represent in 1998 the quarter of the population).

But, begun again by its political adversaries, this concept is soon impregnated nationalist ideas and xenophobe. Press campaigns thus imposed this concept, which leads in particular to the elimination of the candidate of the north of the Ivory Coast, Alassane Ouattara. This rejection of Ouattara is facilitated by the context of " mistrust identitaire". To an ethnic difference , is added indeed a difference of Religion: the Men from the Ivory Coast of north, Moslem S, are suspected of being bad Men from the Ivory Coast, and are thus rejected by the Men from the Ivory Coast of the south. But it leads to a feeling of exclusion of the populations of north, in particular the Malinkés whose Patronyme S have a foreign consonance most easily.

The Ivory Coast is a cosmopolitan population from the cultural and ethnic point of view: one estimates at 40% the proportion from abroad (either officially 6,4 million foreigners for 9,6 million Men from the Ivory Coast).

But co-education is not done solely between nations but also between ethnicities and even between religions. It is almost impossible in Abidjan the economic capital to find families entirely of an ethnos group or a religion.

However part of the population is victim of exclusion, and Alassane Ouattara as Henri Konan-Bédié are censured. PDCI as a big part of FPI adhere to it

This concept of ivoirity is denounced by FIDH as at the base of a “xenophobe system”, which also denounces the law on the nationality and the land law, which violate according to it the civil laws, policies, economic and social being protected by the pacts from UNO. The land problem remaining a problem of increased lack of organization which mines the companies in the countries in the process of development.

An economic concept

The Ivoirité is a concept aiming at defining nationality of the Ivory Coast in a process of democratization and national unification for a company in lack of imaginary " broadly national". It is based on simple cultural concepts and aims at promoting the cultures and national productions. The concept of ivoirity appears in an economic context of crisis. The national production knows a very strong deceleration, and while the prices of the national raw materials coffee and cocoa continue their fall, the imported products continue to increase. The principle of ivoirity thus aims to reverse or at least reduce the problem of the adverse trade balance (just like transfers of capital, situation worsened by the devaluation).

If the Ivory Coast is one of the rare countries not to have seen its population suffering from the devaluation, it is because it had access to the international appropriations more easily than its neighbors of zone UEMOA. But these appropriations becoming too heavy in the GDP it was necessary at all costs that the Ivory Coast develops a perennial industry turned towards export (major goal of the devaluation) and succeeds in decreasing the amount of its imports (in particular of end products).

The ivoirity called with the national dash via commercials (radio, public posting, television and newspapers of press) with a simple slogan: " Let us consume ivoirien" the message wanted to be and simple clearly, praising food consumption of the various areas of the Eastern European country and all the country of north in the south and in the west.

Religious dimension

The religious dimension of the ivoirite appeared with the former Prime Minister Alassane Dramane Ouattara who justified his ineligibility with presidential by affirming that " It is not wanted that I would be president because I am Moslem and nordiste."

The controversy (?)

But this concept is soon impregnated nationalist ideas and xenophobe. This concept leads in particular to the elimination of the candidate Alassane Ouattara, like with the birth of a movement of exclusion with-center of the population of the Ivory Coast, then qu `a big part of the immigrant workers, protected by Houphouët-Boigny, had profited from the generous distributions of indentity cards of the Ivory Coast. The problem arose at the time of the return of redundant officials (standard structural adjustment the IMF) in their native village, where they saw the employment held by foreigners.

See too

Articles of Wikipédia

Political Civil war of Ivory Coast
of the Ivory Coast

Sources

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