Italic Languages

History

The Italic languages are a whole of languages belonging to the group centum of the Indo-European Langues. It owe their name with the area where these languages were spoken, the Italy. The Italic group knows itself two subdivisions:

  • the sabellic Languages
    • the Osque, spoken in the area center-Southerner about the Italian peninsula
    • the Ombrien (not to be confused with the current Italian dialect)
    • the Sabin
    • the Samnite
    • the Pélignien
    • the Volsque
    • the Marse
    • the Marrucin
    • the Vestinien
  • the latino-falisques Languages
    • the Falisque spoken in north about Rome
    • the Latin spoken in the mid-west about Italy, wide then with all the Roman Empire

The Italic speakers were not originating in Italy, but immigrated there towards 1500 av. J. - C., probably of Central Europe or Be-Power station, along the the Danube. Before this migration, Italy was populated nonIndo-European groups, of which the Étrusques.

The Italic languages are attested for the first time by Latin inscriptions of sixth century BC or fifth century BC, in Italic old alphabet, based on the Greek alphabet. These languages were little influenced by the Etruscan and the Greek .

With the expansion of Rome, Latin became the Italic language most important, while the others declined and disappeared completely in the neighborhoods from first century BC. The Romance Langues thus started to be born from the Vulgar Latin .

The venetic Languages, now disappeared, known through inscriptions including of the complete sentences, would be very close to the italics group, and certain linguists do not hesitate with classifying there.

Radoslav Katičić also showed that the anthroponomy of the north-western zone of the old Roman province of Illyrie (which it calls “the north-Adriatic”), that is to say the country of the people liburne belongs to a vaster space anthroponymic, including/understanding the vénète worldwide, the Istrie, and going until the the Eastern Alps. The contiguous anthroponomymic zone, that it calls “dalmato-pannonienne”, corresponding to the countries of the Dalmates and the Iapodes at the time of the Roman conquest and being prolonged until in Pannonia, also refers many common with the first.

These discoveries draw a very new face with the Italic Langues, whose territory would be prolonged until in Central Europe.

Modern Italic languages

Enough seldom, one speaks about modern Italic languages . This regrouping understands 48 languages, and comprises two subdivisions:

  • the latino-falisques Langues , which were reduced to only one language, having the statute of Dead language:

    • the Latin

  • the Romance Languages , produced evolution of the preceding one. It is this expression (or Langues néolatines ) which one will meet most often.

The Romance languages are generally presented in two groups: the Western Romania and the Eastern Romania . Separated by the Isoglossal Spezia-Rimini, these two blocks include/understand on the one hand the beams of Oc, of Oïl, Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, and north-italic groups it, and on the other hand the speeches Italian S Central-Southerners, the Dalmate (extinct) and the Rumanian . The Sardinian , only remaining branch of Romania African disappeared today (" Romania submersa"), escapes this classification.

One can also meet this classification in three groups:

  • Eastern group , including/understanding the Rumanian and its regional alternatives
  • group italo-Westerner , to which belong the large majority of the Italic languages (38 out of 48), and composed of two sub-groups:
    • sub-group italo-dalmatien, understanding 6 spoken languages in Italy, Sicily and Dalmatie, of which the Italian
    • sub-group Western, understanding 32 languages, of which the gallo-Romance Languages like the French or the Romanche, and the ibéro-Romance Languages like the Spanish or the Catalan
  • southernmost group , including/understanding the Sardinian (with which one associates sometimes Corsica, because of its common substrate with the Sardinian).

Source

  • Bernard Sergent, the Indo-Europeans , Payot, Paris, 1995.
  • Yves Cortez, French does not come from Latin , Éditions Harmattan, 2007.

See too

External bonds

  • Ethnologist carryforward for Italic

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