Istrie
The Istrie (in Croatian and Slovenien hr Istra , in Italian it Istria , in the past Latin Histria in ) is a peninsula of the Adriatique of triangular form pointed downwards, attached to the continent by the North-East. Its surface is of: 2820 km2. Its littoral starts in the North-West with the Golfe of Trieste, follows north-western/south-eastern line rectilinear long a 242,5 km until the Cape Kamenjak where it inflects and follows south-western/north-eastern line long a 212,4 km until the Baie of Kvarner. Its territory is mainly included/understood in the Croatia, to a lesser extent the Slovenia and the Italy.
History
Its first inhabitants are the Histres which gave their name to the area. It was subjected by the Romains in 178 av. J. - C. then by the Goths in 476. It becomes possession of Byzance in 539 then Francs in 788.
In 1060, it was high with the autonomous row of Margraviat of the Saint Germanic Roman Empire.
In 1420, it passes under the authority of the République of Venice until the French revolution. Of 1806 with 1813, it belongs to the Napoleonean empire (Provinces illyriennes). The marshal Jean-Baptiste Bessières was made duke of Istrie by Napoleon i. After the fall of Napoleon, the peninsula was attached to the Austria.
In 1866, the Italy was combined with the Prussia in war against the Austria. Italy undergoes cruel a demolished naval close to the island of Vis (Smoothed for the Italians). Austria did not yield of it less the Venezia to Italy and the border approached to Trieste and Istrie.
The two components of the Austria-Hungary (1867 - 1918) were separated by a customs line. The Kustenland or Coastal Pays concerned Austria and had Trieste for chief town. This Kustenland gathered the princely county of Görz (Gorizia in Italian, Slovenien Gorica in ), Gradisca and the margraviat of Istrie ; the charts of the time show that three islands located in the gulf of Fiume (Veglia, Cherso and Lussino) belonged to Istrie. There was not territorial continuity between Kustenland and the Dalmatie which also concerned Austria: Hungary indeed had a maritime outlet whose Fiume (the Hungarians used this form) was the principal port.
After the First World War, the Austria-Hungary was dismantled and Istrie passed to the Italy at the time of the treated of Rapallo which succeeds in shortly after annexing Fiume. Italy annexed moreover the islands of Cherso and Lussino while Yugoslavia annexed the island of Krk (Veglia in Italian). The Italians thus annexed moreover the enclave of Zara on the Dalmatian coast quel' island of Lagosta.
After the Second world war Istrie was disputed by the Italy which at the end of the day did not keep (in 1954) only Trieste (thus crossed of its back-country) and the Yugoslavia which annexed the remainder. The area, with the Karstic relief rich in natural caves and cavities, was the theater of the massacres of the foibe in May and June 1945 which pushed the Italian minority to take refuge in Italy, as Marisa Madieri evokes it, woman of Claudio Magris, in its Green water book “”. The Slovenia and the Croatia, two components (republics) of the federal Yugoslavia (and Communist) became independent in the years 1991 - 1992 by preserving the borders Yugoslavian interns of 1954 of Istrie (payment of the question of Trieste): Slovenia had an outlet on the sea including/understanding Koper (Capodistria in Italian) and Piran (Pirano in Italian). Istrie thus belongs now almost completely to the Croatia.
The Slovenia integrated the European Union in 2004.
The candidature of the Croatia for the European Union should in the long term remove any problem of borders for Istrie.
Population
The inhabitants of Istrie are the Istriotes (also called Istriens).
In 1910,41,6% of Istriotes spoke Croatian, 36,5% Italian, 13,7% Slovenien , 3,3% German, 0,2% Rumanian, and 0,5% spoke another language. Since the second world war, the ethnic composition radically changed in favor of the Croats since according to the data of the census made in 2001 in Croatia the Comitat d' Istrie is populated of 206.344 inhabitants. Among them, 71,88% Croats, 6,92% Italians, 4,3% Istriens, Serb 3,2% and 1,49% Bosnians.
One notes the presence of a minority speaking a Romance, related dialect with the Rumanian , and known under the name of Istro-Rumanian .
Glas Istre published with Pula is the principal press agency.
Statute of Croatian Istrie
In April 2001, the ministry for Justice, the Administration and the Local government agencies decided to suspend 10 provisions of the new statute of the joupanie (comitat, i.e. area) of Istrie: those which consist in adding Italian names to the Croatian names of the cities and communes in Istrie; those which are relating to the use of the Italian language; those which introduce the term “istriotism” like expression of the regional membership.The IDS-DDI (democratic party of Istrie, in Croatian Istarski Demokratski Sabor , in Italian Dieta democratica istriana ) claims the Régionalisation joupanie or at least a special Statut for Istrie. The debate also relates to the town of Rijeka and its surroundings.
Economy
The area has layers of coal and Bauxite. It also draws from the incomes of the Tourisme, and industries of wood and agro-alimentary.
Istriennes cities
-
in Croatia:
- in Slovenia
| Random links: | 1001 Legs | Sporting club brivadois | Musketeers | Asian century | Gemini price: Better drama series | Yeti |