Islamization
The term Islamization constitutes a Néologisme which describes the manner of converting a Civil society with the religion of the Islam, or the phenomenon of toughening of the religious practices within a company right now Moslem.
The first meaning means in the context of the period known as traditional of the Islamic Civilization; second is described under the spectrum of the ideology of the Islamisme, for the contemporary time.
First meaning
As of the origins, Islamization accompanied by concert the fast political expansion of the Arabs in the first centuries after Mahomet. Whereas the first Islamic governments were quickly set up in North Africa and Iran, the conversion of the populations concerned a process much slower. In the majority of the situations, conversion with Islam was not obligatory, the individuals who did not follow the Moslem confession were not excluded from the political elite and economic, the Jews and the Christians had sometimes high positions in the Islamic state, they must obligatorily lend alégence at the Islamic state and with its caliph, they were protected as a Dhimmi S.A. condition of paying a special tax the Capitation (Jizya). On the other hand, they did not pay the taxes which had by the Moslems and were not constrained to take part in the defense of the country in time of war. At the time, it was currency to proceed of the kind when a capacity dominating took the step on a company in which appeared of the ethnic minorities, so that this feature is not specific to Islamization. In certain zones of the Islamic Civilization, Islamization was also accompanied by the Arabisation, in others totality or part of the population could keep its culture and its language, it is the case in particular people Amazigh (Berber) with the the Maghreb, but also in Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, etc
Whereas the military expansion of the Arab empire reached its limits, Islamization continued by other means by reaching not militarily dominated zones. The countries of Moslem confession maintained the trade in the area the Indian Ocean (before the arrival of the Portuguese counters) and in the Sahara; it was by the marketing activity that the local contacts converted in areas such as the the Sahel and the the Eastern Indies. Moslem political control appeared only after one important part of the population of these areas converted.
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See also the article Of Islam to Islams.
Second meaning
The islamist political project rests on the choice and the interpretation of the texts which constitute the charia (the Coran and the Sunna, jurisprudence). There exist various manners of interpreting the texts, which partly explains the existence of several islamist currents of which the speech, and especially the modes of action, divergent.
Islamization by bottom
Part of the movements choose to Islamize the company “by bottom” by investing the associative field and by taking part in charitable actions. They thus take an important place in countries where the social security and the public services miss. It is the choice of the Muslim brothers: to recreate the Moslem individual initially, then the Moslem family, Muslim community and finally the Islamic State.
Islamization by the top
Other movements use the way Politique, when their parties are not prohibited. Their speeches are more or less open and moderate. Certain islamist, known as moderate, decide certainly in favor of the introduction of the charia (or of a version modernized of this one) but in the respect of the other religions and can tolerate a certain degree of democracy. One finds an example of this mobility to the Morocco or in Indonesia.Christian reaction against Islamization
The particular secréaire of Benoit XVI, the father Georg Gänswein, declares in an interview with the Süddeutsche Zeitung in 2007: “The attempts to Islamize the Western countries should not be dissimulated. The threat that made weigh on the identity of Europe should not be been unaware of under pretext of respect badly placed. ”
See too
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Joachim Véliocas: the Islamization of France , Godefroy de Bouillon, 2006
- similar Article, on the plan of the individuals: Conversion with Islam
- Radiation of the Islamic Civilization :
- Islamization (religious)
- Arabisation (cultural)