Ishvara
Ishvara, (delivery like/ī: HS vərə/also transcribed Īshvara, Īshwara, Ishwar, Isvara, in Sanskrit ईश्वर: “the supreme lord”) represents the supreme being in the Hindouisme. He is the source of creation without however in being the creator (who is Brahma).
Ishvara in the Veda
The Atharva-Veda states explicitly that Ishvara is an epithet of the supreme spirit Brahman, which should not be confused with various the divinities of Hindouisme.
Ishvara in the Vedanta
In Advaïta védanta, Ishvara is the form of the Cosmic Spirit (Brahman, which is without attribute) which is expressed on the psyché human one. This demonstration can be included/understood métaphoriquement like the reflection of the Cosmic Spirit on the mirror of illusion (Mâyâ)--to reveal the Cosmic Spirit like God. In the other schools, there is no difference between Brahman and Ishvara. For Vaishnavites, Vishnu is God; for Shaivites, Shiva is God.
Bhakti
The Hindus employ today indifferently the terms Ishwar , Paraméshwar , Paramâtmâ and Bhagwân . The word Ishvara is also employed to indicate a social situation, the “lord” as a Master or king. Ishvara is present in the six systems of Hindu philosophy.
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