Ischaemia

Mechanisms

Ischaemia can be due to a blood clot which blocks a Artère (Thrombose), with a plate of Athérome, with a Hémorragie which prevents fabrics from being correctly fed, with a compression of an artery by an external object (crushing of a member, Garrot) or by an internal phenomenon (Hématome, Tumeur, épanchement of a liquid).

Ischaemia can be reversible and involve only one limited embarrassment. It can be irreversible and can lead to the Infarctus body, i.e. with died of a part or totality of this one.

The acute ischaemia of a member, consecutive with the brutal obliteration of the arterial axis of this last, is a vascular urgency with committed vital prognosis (mortality of approximately 20%). It generally occurs after a thrombosis or an embolism. In a tissue suffering due to the Anoxie results. The local consequences are an attack of the peripheral nerves into 2 to 5 hours, followed by a Rhabdomyolyse in the 6 hours. The cutaneous attack is detectable only tardily and often indicates irreversible lesions.

Demonstrations

It can appear by:

of the pains on the level of the body reached (Angina pectoris for the heart, intermittent Limping for a leg, Syndrome of the cabins for the muscles…)
a faulty operation of the body reached ( Cardiac failure for the heart…).

Principles of treatment

The treatment primarily aims at restoring a sufficient arterial flow towards the body.

One proposes:

is the responsible arterial anomaly correction: Angioplastie, vascular Chirurgie…
administration of Médicament S which vaso will dilate the arteries.

Preventive medication consists in preventing the repetition of the lesions on the artery, or, at least, to prevent their progression:

plate Antiagrégant
fight against the risk factors of the Athérome.

In all the cases, the regular drive of the body reached makes it possible to limit in a notable way gene caused by ischaemia: go in the event of Artérite of the lower extremities, cardiac rehabilitation.

Particular case

The reduction in the pulmonary arterial flow, within the framework for example of a pulmonary Embolie does not involve ischaemia of this body, blood being in this carbonated case (low in oxygen), even if it circulates in an artery.

See too

myocardic Ischaemia

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