Irish Republican Brotherhood

The Irish Republican Brotherhood (Irish republican Fraternity) was a revolutionary organization Irish, founded in 1858, at the same time (the March 17th) with Dublin by James Stephens, and into New York by John O' Mahony, it was integrated into the Irish Republican Army (WILL GO) in 1924.

The IRB is a secret society of maconnic type, resulting from the movement Fenian, which is not without pointing out the Italian carbonarism. Its goal is the preparation of a general rising in Ireland against the British occupation . Ten years after his foundation, one attends the first attacks, in September 1867, a commando attacks a prison of Manchester to release two activists, a police officer is killed; arrests involve three death sentences, they are the “martyrs of Manchester”. Two months later, it is a prison of London which is attacked, the explosion of a wall causes the death of twenty people.

In 1907, whereas the organization is in sleep, Thomas James Clarke which resides at the the United States since 1899, is sent in Ireland by the American branch. Its role, assisted by Seán Mac Diarmada, is to reanimate the movement and to make of it a means of infiltration and information. During the preparation of the Insurrection of Easter 1916, Patrick Pearse, Joseph Plunkett and James Connolly, belong to the Supreme council which directs the IRB, the executive being ensured by the Military council , composed of Thomas Clarke, Sean MacDermott and Denis Cullough. The IRB is the leader of the insurrection which is a failure, British repression decapitates the Irish movement. Michael Hakes, released in December, takes again in hand the IRB, reorganizes it and becomes the supreme leader about it; at the beginning of the Années 1920 the clandestine army is committed in the fight against the troops of occupation. In 1922, internal dissensions and scissions lead to fusion with the Irish Republican Army (WILL GO).

Related articles

Sources

  • Pierre Joannon, History of Ireland and the Irishmen , Perrin, Paris, 2006,
  • Roger Faligot, James Connolly and the revolutionary movement Irish , Ground of Fog Editions, Rennes, 1997,

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