Irish Republican Army

In Ireland, several organizations bore or bear the name of Irish Republican Army (in English Irish Republican Army , or WILL GO - in Gaelic, Óglaigh Na hÉireann ). WILL GO is the result of the junction between Irish Volunteers and Irish Citizen Army of James Connolly following the insurrection of Easter in 1916. Thereafter, much of revolted Irish are assassinated by the British (of which James Connolly, trade unionist at the origin of the creation of the ICA). Following the War of independence of Ireland, (1919 - 1921), 26 counties of Ireland became the free State of Ireland, and the major part of WILL GO became the national army of the free State.

Their two most resounding actions in the Conflit current north-Irish will be the assassination in 1979 of the count Louis Mountbatten, the last vice King of the Indies and relative of the Queen Elizabeth, and the attempted murder of Margaret Thatcher to Brighton in 1984.

Ideology

She fights against the British domination to carry out the total independence of Ireland. WILL GO is a military wing of the Sinn Féin, left nationalist Irish who peacefully pursues on the political plan the same goals that those of WILL GO. However, WILL SUIT it uses violent methods to reach that point.

Name Irish Republican Army or WILL GO ( Irish Republican Army ) was in the history asserted by several organizations Paramilitaire S Irish, wishing to release Ireland of the supervision of the the United Kingdom. The name refers generally today to the WILL GO provisional ( Provisional WILL GO ), which separated in the Années 1960 and seeks to attach the Northern and the Irish Republic and to release the North (sometimes improperly called Ulster whereas it forms only one part of it) of the domination of the British and the Protesting S (the latter were at the origin of the calvinists Scot installed by the royal capacity).

It acted during many years by the armed way (terrorist or resistant, according to the points of view), but it has seemed to privilege for a few years the way of the dialog via its political branches, the Sinn Féin directed by Gerry Adams.

Groups claiming name WILL GO true ( Real WILL GO ) have continued armed struggle (as the attack of Omagh into 1998 which made 29 died), but seem to have to die out after being decimated by the arrests.

The majority of the freedom fighters are however meant on the fact that if Ireland becomes completely free, it will have to be a social republic.

History

During the war of independence (1919-1921), WILL SUIT it employs strategies of guerilla (ambush, raid, sabotage, etc) to force London to grant independence to Ireland: London votes the treated of London establishing a free State of Ireland equipped with the statute of Dominion (1921), but six counties of the Ulster (Northern Ireland) remain within the United Kingdom. Quickly, WILL SUIT it divides: certain partisans support this peace plan and others are opposed to it. Those undertake a civil war which is completed in 1923 when they decide to continue the fight only on the political plan.

When the free State of Ireland becomes an independent Republic (1948), WILL SUIT it carries out a new terrorist fight (bends, assassination, attack, etc) in Northern Ireland and Great Britain. The goal is to integrate Northern Ireland into the Irish Republic. This combat lasts until in 1962, date on which advertisement WILL GO a Cessez-le-feu and seems to have to disappear. However forces it repression of the steps of the civic rights in Northern Ireland at the end of the years 1960 leads to the reconstitution of IRA.
This one takes again its terrorist activities to require the withdrawal of the British soldiers being in Northern Ireland (1969). It makes several major terrorist acts: Belfast is the theater of 22 attacks in the 75 minutes space, making 9 died and 130 wounded (Bloody Friday, 1972); Lord Mountbatten, cousin of the queen Elisabeth II and last viceroy of the Indies, is killed by the explosion of a bomb placed in its boat (1979); the hotel of Brighton where are lodged the Prime Minister Thatcher and its ministers at the time of the congress of the conservative party is partially destroyed by a bomb making 1 victim (1984). This conflict which continues until the years 2006 fact more than 3.000 victims.

Incompetent to convince London to withdraw his soldiers, WILL SUIT it advertisement a cease-fire (1994). Sinn Féin starts to undertake peace negotiations with the United Kingdom. Peace is however precarious (resumption of the attacks, 1996 - 1997). A peace agreement of the “Good Friday” (April 1998) is concluded with Belfast and it is approved by referendum in Northern Ireland and Irish Republic. This plan envisages the creation of a new Parliament bringing together the Protestants and the catholics and the co-operation between Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic. The new government directed by a Protestant is set up in Northern Ireland (1999).

However, the tensions between the Protestants and the catholics about the work of the political institutions and the refusal of will disarm a long time made plane uncertainties on the future of peace. But on Thursday, July 28, 2005 marks a decisive turn. In an official statement, WILL SUIT it orders with all its members to deposit the weapons. What puts an end officially to an armed struggle become increasingly unpopular in Ireland.

The official statement was unambiguous: “The direction of WILL GO formally ordered to put an end to the armed struggle. That will take effect at 4 p.m. this afternoon. All the units of WILL GO received order to deposit the weapons. The volunteers received instruction to contribute to the development of a purely political and democratic program by exclusively peaceful means”.

See too

WILL GO: date-keys

(Source: the Echoes , Le Monde )

  • 1913 foundation of the Irish Volunteers, revolutionary organization ancestor of WILL GO.

  • 1919 creation of WILL GO, under the control of Michael Collins.
  • 1921 Ireland of the south, becomes autonomous. The six counties of Northern Ireland remain within the United Kingdom. The civil war continues until 1923.
  • 1948 the Irish Republic becomes independent. WILL GO takes again its armed countryside (bombs, attacks, assassinations…), until the cease-fire of 1962.
  • 1969 police repression, then armed, catholic demonstrators for the equality and civic rights in Ulster.
  • 1970 WILL SUIT it known as provisional is born from ashes from WILL GO “official”, which gave up violence.
  • 1972 on January 30th, the British army opens fire on a catholic demonstration, and causes 13 dead. It is the Bloody Sunday . July 21st, WILL SUIT it counterpart by a Bloody Friday : 22 bombs explode in one hour in Belfast, causing 16 dead.
  • 1981 Bobby Sands, militant of WILL GO, and nine of his/her companions are let die of hunger in prison for a statute of political prisoner that British the Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher, will never grant.
  • 1983 Gerry Adams is elected president of Sinn Fein (political branches of WILL GO) and is appointed of Belfast-west.
  • 1988 - 1994 the catholic leader and moderate nationalist John Hume opens the dialog with Gerry Adams, which agrees to engage on the way of peace.
  • a 1st Cessez-le-feu of WILL GO takes effect in the general jubilation in Northern Ireland. The conflict will have caused more than 3.000 died in 25 years.
  • February 9th 1996 WILL SUIT it breaks its truce after the failure of talks. An attack makes two dead in London.
  • July 20th 1997 WILL SUIT it declares a new cease-fire and Sinn Fein enters the peace negotiations again.
  • April 10th 1998 the historical agreement of the Good Friday is concluded in Belfast between London, Dublin and the parties Protestant and catholic, of which Sinn Fein. WILL GO advertisement its support for the peace agreement.
  • October 14th 2002 the government of Northern Ireland, where catholic and Protestant share the capacity, is suspended within the framework of allegations of espionage to the profit of WILL GO by members of Sinn Fein. The peace process is paralyzed.
  • December 9th 2004 failure of the negotiations for the revival of the peace process.
  • December 20th 2004 burgling of Northern Bank of Belfast. Some 38 million euros in pounds sterling is stolen, a record in Europe. The British and Irish authorities allot without evidence burgling to WILL GO.
  • January 31st 2005 the catholic Robert McCartney dies stabbed by uncontrolled elements of WILL GO.
  • February 3rd 2005 WILL SUIT it advertisement the suspension of its disarmament.
  • April 6th 2005 at the beginning of the countryside for the legislative ones of May 5th, Gerry Adams announces that WILL SUIT it must be put out-circuit for the success of the peace process and lance a consultation for this purpose within the movement.
  • July 28th 2005 WILL SUIT it advertisement the end of the “armed struggle” and its intention to pursue its goal of reunification of Ireland by democratic ways.
  • September 26th 2005 the Canadian general John de Chastelain, chief of the Commission of disarmament, announces that the arsenal of WILL GO was completely dismantled
  • 2007 the British troops are withdrawn officially from Northern Ireland to leave full control to the Irish police force

See too

Simple: Irish Republican Army

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