Irene Joliot-Curie (September 12th 1897 - March 17th 1956) was a Chimiste and a French Physicien . Marry Frederic Joliot-Curie, their work in artificial radioactivity were worth the to them Nobel Prize of chemistry in 1935.

Biography

Irene Curie is born with Paris on September 12th, 1897. She is the girl of Pierre and Marie Curie.

In 1918, its vat out of pocket, it joined his/her mother with the Institut of Radium of Paris, where it becomes her assistant. During this period, it meets Frederic Joliot, a researcher of the Collège de France. She marries it in 1926. They have two children: Helene Langevin-Joliot born in 1927 and Pierre Joliot-Curie born in 1932.

They work together on the Radioactivité natural and artificial, the Transmutation of the elements and the Nuclear physics. Their research on the action of the Neutron S on the heavy elements is an important step towards the discovery of the Nuclear fission.

In 1934, his/her Marie mother dies of a leukemia, a usual disease at the time when one works on the Radioactivité.

In 1935, Frederic and Irene Joliot-Curie divide the Nobel Prize of chemistry.

They work since 1939 on the project of a French atomic bomb (for which they deposited a patent). The French military nuclear program is most advanced of the pre-war period. But they are the Americans, with titanic the Projet Manhattan, who end on July 16th, 1945 to the explosion of the first atomic bomb in the desert of the Nevada.

In 1936, Irene Joliot-Curie is member of the government of the Popular front as an under-secretary of State to the Scientific research.

In 1937, it becomes lecturer, to replace her husband named with the Collège de France, then professor without pulpit with the Faculty of Science of Paris.

In 1939, it receives the honorary title of Officer of the Légion of honor.

In 1946, it becomes director of the Institute of Radium, succeeding André Debierne. She takes part in the creation of the Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, where she occupies the function of police chief during six years. She obtains the pulpit of general physics and radioactivity previously occupied by her mother.

She obtains the International prize of peace World council of peace in 1950.

Irene Joliot-Curie dies on March 17th, 1956 with Paris of a Leucémie resulting from an over-exposure to the radioactive radiations during her work. Her husband, patient of the liver, will die in August 1958.

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