Intramuscular injection

The intramuscular way of injection ( IM ) is used in medicine in the emergency cases, in particular in the psychiatric for products deposit, phlebotoxic interventions or in weak concentrations, in so far as the muscle is quite vascularized. The preferential sites of injection are: the supéro-external quadrant of the muscle large gluteus, the Deltoïde, more rarely the Quadriceps.

The product injected can be absorbed more or less quickly according to its chemical properties.

Let us note that, in order to be certain not to be accidentally into intravenous, the operator must draw on the piston from the syringe to check the absence of backward flow before injecting.

Examples of products managed by way IM:

• injectable majority of antibiotics by ways.
• Métoclopramide
• Codeine
• majority of the Vaccine S

Advantages - disadvantages

• the muscle is a volume which does not have empty space being able to receive an additional substance. Injectable volume is thus reduced (10 cm ³ represent already a large volume).
• the speed of resorption is random
• the powerful vasoconstricteurs (Adrénaline) can cause an intense contraction of the muscle, which retains the product locally, which causes local damage
• the muscular traumatism is likely to cause a bleeding difficult to stop (this type of injection must be avoided at a person likely to make a Myocardial infarction).
• In the event of fault of Asepsis, it can be formed a Abcès in the muscle
• In the event of difficulty of finding a vein, the intramuscular way with the advantage of being always easy to realize.
• the localization of the site of injection (supéro-external quarter) is very important has to respect in order not to injure the nerve sciatic nerve.