International treaty on the phytogenetic resources for the food and agriculture

The International treaty on the phytogenetic resources for the food and agriculture (ITPGRFA) is an international agreement aiming at ensuring the Food safety by the means of the Conservation of the biodiversity, the exchange and the durable use of the phytogenetic resources, while guaranteeing the division of the benefit. In English, it is also commonly called International Seed Treaty , (trad. approximate: international treaty of the seeds (or seeds) ).

The Treaty aims at the conservation and the durable use of the phytogenetic Ressources for the food and agriculture, as well as the Equal share of the advantages deriving from their use (including the advantages generated by the commercial exchanges). He also recognizes the Droit of the farmers and sets up a multilateral system of access and division of the advantages deriving from the cultures concerned with the treaty. Principal the Cultures and Fodder plants, considered as most important for the Food safety, is 64.

This agreement must function in harmony with the Convention on biological diversity.

It includes/understands a finance mechanism receiving a share of the benefit related to the commercial use of the vegetable genetic resources included in the system

The treaty is followed by the Commission one Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (CGRFA) of FAO

Mechanisms of the Treaty

The treaty required seven years of negotiations within FAO. A preceding attempt to set up an international agreement was IU (International Undertaking one Seedling Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture). However the IU rested on the principle according to which the genetic resources were common Patrimoine of humanity. The Convention on biological diversity (1993) having brought the genetic resources under the jurisdiction of the national governments, the IU appeared obsolete.

The ITPGRFA was adopted on November 3rd, 2001 at the time of the 31e Conférence of FAO, and had been approved by 116 votes and 2 abstentions, Japan and the United States. It was opened with the signature from November 3rd, 2002 to November 4th, 2002, for all the members of FAO, as well as Member States of UNO, une.de its specialized institutions or of the International Atomic Energy Agency. The interested countries can from now on adhere without preliminary signature.

The Treaty will come into effect when at least 40 countries (including at least 20 members of FAO) eighty ten days after the last deposit.

Once ratified, the countries signatories will constitute the directing body which will decide conditions for application of the Treaty. For example, it will be able to consider the level, the form and the methods of divisions of the benefit rising from the marketing of the Genetic resources. It will be able to also treat technology transfer.

Participating countries

Signature : Angola, Argentinian, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Bhutan, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Kampuchea, Cameroun, Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, Colombia, European Community, Costa Rica, Ivory Coast, Cuba, Cyprus, Denmark, Egypt, Érythrée, Spain, the United States of America, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Gabon, Ghana, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Haiti, India, Iran, Ireland, Italy, Jordan, Lebanon, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mexico, Morocco, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Paraguay, Netherlands, Peru, Portugal, Central African Republic , Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Senegal, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Swiss, Syria, Thailand, Macedonia (FYROM), Chad, Togo, Tunisia, the United Kingdom, Uruguay, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zambia and the Zimbabwe.

Ratification : Canada, Érythrée, Ghana, India, Jordan, Malawi, Sudan

Acceptance: Kampuchea

Approval : Guinea

See too

Related articles

External bonds

  • http://www.ukabc.org
  • http://www.fao.org
  • http://www.fao.org/biodiversity/crops_fr.asp
  • http://www.foei.org/publications/link/100/f21.html

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