International convention of the rights of the child

This international text has a juridically constraining value in each State which ratified it, and its citizens can prevail themselves about it directly. However, the countries signatories have the possibility of issuing reserves on certain articles.

Ratifications of convention and reserves

Among the independent States recognized by UNO, only the the United States and the Somalia did not leave to this treaty, although they signed it:
  • the United States which signed it under the presidency of Bill Clinton it did not ratify because it prohibits any judgment with the Capital punishment continuation a crime committed by a child of less than 18 years, this sorrow being always today legal in the Constitution of certain American States, and the ratification was blocked with the American Senate (even if it is applied only to its majority);
  • as for Somalia, its new government is not recognized yet by UNO and cannot thus be part with a treaty of international law.

The France issued reserves in comparison with article 30 which carries on the right of the children of the linguistic Minorités and cultural ( In the States where there exist linguistic minorities, a child pertaining to one of these minorities cannot be private right to have his cultural own life, to in common employ his own language with the other members of his group. ). She considers in particular that there exists Minorité S (neither cultural, nor linguistic) on its territory, and entirely cancels this article on the territory of the Republic (including concerning the religious minorities and ethnic also mentioned in article 30 of convention), under the terms of article 2 (which relates only to the French language) of the Constitution (which however recognizes the existence of ethnic cultural minorities in the Pays of overseas with specific legal statuses).

The Canada, although having signed and having ratified convention, did not yet completely apply it in its domestic legislation, in particular as regards the rights of the child in the criminal cases, which blocks the complete application of convention.

Optional protocols

In May 2000, the General meeting of the United Nations adopted two optional Protocols:

  • optional Protocol with Convention concerning the implication of children in armed conflicts (OPAC), come into effect on February 12th, 2002. At October 22nd, 2007, it was ratified by 119 States and was signed by 122.

  • the optional Protocol with Convention concerning the sale of children, the prostitution of the children and the pornography putting in scene children (OPSC), come into effect on January 18th, 2002. At October 11th, 2007, it was ratified by 115 States and was signed by 123.

More

France presented at the time of the 46ème session of the Committee of the rights of the child (September 17th, 2007 at October 5th, 2007) its reports/ratios on the application in France of these two optional protocols: Protocol OPSC and Protocol OPAC.

The observations of the Committee of Geneva concerning the application by France of these two optional protocols are available right now: Protocol OPSC, in English for the moment, Protocol OPAC in French.

France gave in September 2007 its 3rd and 4th periodic report/ratio on the application of the whole of the International convention of the rights of the child for the next hearing which will take place at the time of the 50ème session of the Committee of the rights of the child (January-February 209).

All ONG which wish it can present alternative reports/ratios to this official report. A guide especially written to their Guide attention for ONG establishing of the reports/ratios intended for the Committee of the rights of the child was worked out by the Group of ONG for Relative convention with the rights of the child

Internal bonds

External bonds

  • the Committee of the rights of the child of Geneva, the site of the Committee of the rights of the child sitting in Geneva and which indicates all information relating to the examination of the reports/ratios of the States left.

  • Children of the World - Human rights, official site of the association EMDH, which works for protection and sensitizing with the rights of the child.
  • UNICEF France, the site of the French committee of the UNICEF.
  • UNICEF, the French official site of the agency of the United Nations dedicated to childhood in the world and whose seat is in New York.
  • the Defender of the children, the official site of the independent French institution, for the legal protection of the rights of the child in France.
  • November in Childhood, French national operation of sensitizing and harvest of funds to the profit of the children.
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