Internal medicine
The internal medicine is most complete of the medical specialities. Exceeding the framework of the medicine of body, it is interested in the diagnosis and the dealt with total of the diseases of the adult with a predilection for the systemic diseases (for example the érythémateux Lupus disseminated) and the autoimmune diseases in general. A Médecin which practices the internal medicine calls a internist .
In France, the internal medicine is the speciality of the difficult diagnostic steps and the assumption of responsibility of the adults suffering from polypathologies or general diseases. With the crossroads of the specialities of body, the internist has the aptitudes necessary to establish a synthesis in the complex situations and to set up diagnostic or therapeutic strategies hierarchical. He takes care of the patient seen like a whole. The fractionation of certain specialities in increasingly narrow “on-specialities”, fruit of progress medical and technological and essential to the care of certain patients, implies a recourse increasingly necessary to doctors trained to the synthesis like are the internists. The services of internal medicine hold a central role at the hospital. They have the role of receiving patients without diagnosis or polypathologic, often hospitalized downstream from the emergency services and in a serious condition. The frequent emergency context and of medical complexity requires the mobilization and the coordination of the human means around the patient, as well as the implementation of average techniques or diagnostic and therapeutic procedures sophisticated. This activity implies a team work, multidisciplinary and multiprofessionnel, characteristic of the internal medicine. The internists also have a function of consultant for the doctors of city or hospital, bringing a help in all situations to them.
In Belgium, the situation is rather similar. In theory, the Cardiology, the Gastro-enterology, the Endocrinology, the Study of allergies, etc are specializations with whole share, but beside that there exist indeed internists who are interested in the unit of these fields.
Systemic diseases
Simple: Internal medicine
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