Integration with very large scales

The integration with very large scales (VLSI - Very-Broad-Scale Integration) is a Technologie of Integrated circuit (Ci) of which the Densité of integration makes it possible to support more 100 000 electronics components on same a chip.

It was carried out for the first time in the years 1980, within the framework of the development of technologies of the Semi-conducteur S and the Communication S.

The first chips with semiconductors supported only one Transistor each one. With subsequent progress, one managed to add more and more transistors, and, consequently, more and more of functions or systems individual could, with time, being integrated. A Microprocesseur is a device VLSI.

The first generation of Ordinateur S used vacuum tubes. Then, the devices with Semi-conducteur S, followed came integrated circuits. Ci integrate several devices on the same chip: Diode S, Transistor S, resistances and condensing S even Inductance S, which makes possible the manufacture of one or several logical doors on the same circuit. The fourth generation, thus, consisted of an integration with large scales (LSI - Broad-Scale Integration), i.e. in circuits comprising of 1 000 with 10 000 components. Technology VLSI succeeded the LSI naturally.

The current techniques exceed this level by far, so that them microprocessors manufactured today comprise several Million S of doors. Resulting from this technology, the programmable networks logic (FPGA - Field-Programmable Spoils Arrays ) are entirely reconfigurable components VLSI, which makes it possible to at will reprogram them in order to accelerate complex calculations considerably (parallel cf Calcul).

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