Infant mortality

The infant mortality is a Statistique calculated by submitting the relationship between the number of deceased children before the one year age on the full number of births concerned. These statistics are expressed for 1000 births (‰). It is primarily used to judge quality of the care Obstétrique S and pediatric of a country.

The reduction of infantile death rate belongs to the Objectifs millenium for the development of the United Nations.

Causes and means of fights

With some exceptions loans, infant mortality is much more important in the poor countries than in the rich countries. That is explained by the fact why the causes are in particular due to a failure of the sanitary arrangements at the time of the pregnancy and the childbirth, but also due to the lack of care of new born. Thus techniques like the Vaccination, the Antibiotic administration of S at the time of Infection S and the rehydration at the time of the Diarrhée S avoid with many children dying.

In addition to the improvement of the care, it was shown that the higher the rate of education of the girls is, the more infantile death rate is low. But the historical data and in particular the European example shows another very important aspect cause a drop in the level of infant mortality: improvement of the standard of living (like the healthiness of the residences) and of the nutrition, but also the fall of fruitfulness. Thus, the fight for the fall of infant mortality should not be also made on a level purely medical, but sociétal and economic.

Periods of vulnerabilities

It is during its first week that the new born one has the most risk to die. Whereas 21% of new born die with the birth, it are also 21% to die at the time of their first week, then only 7% the following week. The remainder of the deaths distributed over the first four years.

Evolution

General manner between 1995 and 2000, infantile death rate dropped in all the continents safe in Africa. This increase is badly included/understood and the reasons are probably multiple and complex. Thus the economic crises of the countries, the wars, but as the seropositivity with the HIV of the mother who makes as the new born ones have an index of rather bad vitality contribute to increase death rate.

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