Incidental music

The incidental music is a Musical genre intended to accompany a stage performance.

  • the music of opera, like that of the related kinds (Opera ballet, Operetta, Musical comedy, etc) is well intended for the Scène: in spite of that, this one is usually classified separately. Consequently, the kind “incidental music” indicates any music intended to reinforce a spectacle dramatic, but distinct from the lyric music.

For example, the music of the Middle-class Gentleman of Jean-Baptiste Lully, is an incidental music, written for the part éponyme of Molière; while the lyric Tragedy Alceste , of very the Type-setter, is an opera.
  • At the 19th century, one understands more precisely by “incidental music”, a succession of pieces of music, generally of symphonic nature , having for function to ensure the transition between the Scène S or the acts from a part from Théâtre. The incidental music of the romantic time is frequently brought to comment on the dramaturgy, to look further into the psychology of the characters, to describe the events not represented on scene, etc It is generally made up of a opening, a certain number of Interlude S and of a Finale; certain pieces can also be played at the same time as the dialogs (one speaks then about melodrama).

Example: Arlésienne of Georges Bizet, incidental music de for the play éponyme, Alphonse Daudet.
  • In a more general way, when on a scene of theater, music is required by the text and the action, one also speaks about “incidental music”, but in this case, it does not act more than one particular musical genre: the musicians can then be in the Coulisse, or, on the scene even, at the sides of the actors, the dancer S, the Appearing S, etc Such a case of figure can occur as well in a play, as with the opera (for example, two orchestras on scene at the end of the first act of the Don Giovanni of Mozart).

One thus should not confuse “incidental music” and “music for the scene”, the latter gathering all the musical genres intended “for the scene”: opera, Ballet, operetta, musical comedy, etc - including, of course, incidental music.

  • Example of incidental music: Wozzeck of Berg, Act II, scene 4.

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