Ignaz von Döllinger

Johann Joseph Ignaz von Döllinger , born the February 28th 1799 with Bamberg (Bavaria), deceased the January 14th 1890 with Munich, was a priest, historian of the Church and Théologie German N.

Ordered priest in 1822, Ignaz von Döllinger teaches theology with the Université of Munich as from 1828. Ultramontain in his youth, it is then close to Félicité on Lamennais and the catholic liberals French, of which it greets the efforts to reconcile the Catholic church and the modern society. It receives in 1832 Lamennais and its friends Lacordaire and Montalembert in Munich. Firmly opposed to the Protestantisme, whose it fights the influence in Bavaria, it enters in relations in 1842 with the British theologists of the Mouvement of Oxford, in particular Edward Pusey and James Hopes-Scott, which then tries to reconcile Anglicanisme and Catholicisme.

After the proclamation of the Dogma of the Immaculate Conception in 1854, and especially, after the engagements for the Independence of Italy in 1861, opposed to the maintenance of the temporal power of the pope, Döllinger gives up the ultramontane theories. In 1863, it invites hundred theologists with Malines, in order to discuss question of the attitude of the Church compared to the modern ideas. Its speech with the Malignant Congrès is a declaration of war to the party ultramontane. After four days of debates, the interventions pronounced with the congress being directed in a liberal way more and more , the Pape Pie IX orders the congress closure, and, on December 8th, 1864, publishes the Syllabus , true declaration of war to modernity, science and the progress, which causes the opposition of Döllinger.

Döllinger takes then the head of the opponents to the proclamation of the dogma of the pontifical Infaillibilité. In 1870, during the First council of the Vatican, Döllinger and other theologists German, professors at the University of Munich like him, protest against work of the Concile, thus making Church of the principal Bavaria adverse one with the new dogma. Döllinger gathers in August 1870 a congress in Bavaria, which emits an opposite resolution with the decrees of the Vatican. But the Archevêque of Munich finally orders to him to be subjected to the authority of the Council. March 28th, 1871, Döllinger refuses, and affirms in a letter addressed to its bishop: “As a Christian, a theologist, as a historian and as a citizen, I cannot accept these doctrines. ” In answer, the archbishop of Munich excommunicates it. This raises a strong emotion within the University, and, supported by its pars, by the universities of Oxford, of Edinburgh, of Marburg and Vienna, he is elected vice-chancellor of the University of Munich.

The Bavarian clergy, opposed to the new dogma, then invites Monseigneur Loos, bishop of the Église old woman-catholic of the Netherlands, which had existed for more than 150 years in margin of papacy, and receives it in a triumphal way. The bishops Dutch Old Catholics declare that they are ready to devote a bishop in Bavaria. Döllinger refuses the proposal, and withdraws new movement Old Catholic of Bavaria, cutting Net its progression in Germany. In 1878, he condemns the authorization given to the priests Old Catholics of Bavaria to marry.

He devotes the end of his existence to the development of the dialog between the Église Anglican, the church old woman-catholic and certain Eastern churches.

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