Iemitsu Tokugawa
Iemitsu Tokugawa (Iyemitsu) (徳川家光 Tokugawa Iemitsu , 1604 - 1651) is the third Shogun shogunat Tokugawa with the Japan. It reigned of 1623 with 1651 at the beginning of the Ère Edo.
Second child of the shogun Hidetada Tokugawa, it became new the shogun in 1623 when his/her father withdrew and establishes the principle of nonexecutive chief Ogosho whose it held the role until his death in 1632.
To ensure the capacity of the shogunat, Iemitsu eliminated a great number of Daimyō and establishes an central administration, which lasted two centuries until the Restauration Meiji. It founded the principal interior policies and international characterizing the shogunat Tokugawa:
- obligation of alternate residence and the principle of the hostages ( Sankin kōtai ) in 1635, policy aiming at weakening the daimyō by forcing them with many displacements at the expense of their finances.
- the policy of insulation, or Sakoku , which cut Japan of the rest of the world between 1633 and 1639.
- the fight against the Christians, whom he saw like a potential threat with his mode. It made carry out or expel all the Christian missionaries and asked all the Japanese to be recorded in the Buddhist temples. When a rebellion against this policy burst with Shimabara, it repressed it without pity (see Sixteen martyrs of Nagasaki).
His/her oldest son, Ietsuna Tokugawa, succeeded to him after his death in 1651.