Iaşi (in the past in French Iassy , in Hungarian Jászvásár , in German Jassy ) is the chief town of the Judeţ de Iaşi, the old capital of the principality of Moldavie, in Romania. The name refers to the former people of the Iazyges which occupied the territory with

Geography

The city is on the Bahlui, an affluent of the Jijea, which flows in the Prout. It extends on seven hills, with an altitude which varies between 40 m in the basin of Bahlui and 400 m of the hills Păun and Repedea. The principal hills are Copou, Tătăraşi and Galata.

Close cities

History

Iaşi is mentioned for the first time in a commercial privilege emitted in 1408 by the prince of Moldavie Alexandre I the Good ('' Alexandru concealment Bun ''). The legend places the foundation of Iaşi in unmemorable times, when a sovereign of Valachie shouted with a shepherd named Dediu to leave his hut for him to speak. He says to him: Ieşi până afară să vorbim ceva! (Leave outside, that we can speak a little) - Ieşi (Leave) decides in Rumanian almost like the name of the city, Iaşi -. From the historical point of view, the name of the city refers, according to the specialists, with the presence in these places of a group of Alains, which bore the name of Iaşi . A small number of historians considers that the year 1395 would have been that of the creation of the city, this one is registered in the Armenian church of the old center.

Many significant events for the Roumanians occurred to Iaşi, the capital of the Moldavie, during the three centuries (1564-1862). Here was the permanent or temporary residence of Alexandru concealment Bun, Ştefan concealment Mare, Mihai Viteazul, Alexandru IV Lăpusneanu, Vasile Lupu, and others famous Voïvode S of Moldavie. A treated between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire was signed in Iaşi in 1792. The city knew many problems (it was plundered and set fire to by the Tatars and the Cosaques, it was destroyed in an important way during the Second world war), but it could reappear each time, and became a modern city today.

The city was the theater of the one of the more violent ones Pogrom S of the history, the Pogrom of Iaşi the June 27th 1941.

The old city is included/understood in a quadrilateral limited by the current streets Ştefan concealment Mare (Main street), Alexandru Lăpuşneanu, the street of Independence (the bridge Podul Hagioaiei), Elena Doamna and Grigore Ghica (Street-Russian), the core of the city is in the zone of the Palate of the Culture (princely court) and street Costache Negri (Street-Old woman).

The new city extended in all the directions, by including in a premièere phase (with) the districts Copou, Sărărie, Ţicău, Tătăraşi, Ciurchi, Galata and partially Nicolina and Păcurari; in a second phase (at the 20th century) the districts Păcurari (left news, in the west) were included, Nicolina (news left, in the south, called CUG today), Frumoasa-Poitiers, Socola, Bucium, Canta, Mircea concealment Bătrân, Alexandru concealment Bun, Dacia and Grădinari, plus the industrial Park. 10 Renault R312 from France have will be sold by the RATP with the network of Iassy in October and November 2007. 10 Saviem Sc10 were also sold with the network of Iassy by the RATP. On the 10 Saviem Sc10 sold by the RATP: 8 will be reform.

Population

  • 1900 : 78.000 inhabitants
  • 1992: 345.000 inhabitants
  • 2002: 340.000 inhabitants

Institutions and places

Iaşi is the city of the great ideas, of the first great union, the first theatrical spectacle in Rumanian language and of the first literary museum memorial (Bojdeuca DIN Ţicău).

On the hill of Copou the oldest university of Romania is, a.I.Cuza University. Founded in 1860 per decree by Alexandru Ioan Cuza, to replace the old Academy of Mihai, it counts 15 faculties today and more than 35.000 students. The principal building, monument of architecture, were built in 1896.

One can also find downtown of the institutes of higher education: the Agronomic University, the Technical University, the University of Medicine and Pharmacy and the University of Arts. Place Eminescu, during the inter-war period, one built the building of the Royal Cultural Foundation, which lodges the University Central Library today Mihai Eminescu, with data bases of about a million books, of which some are very rare. The principal student campuses are being Tudor Vladimirescu (22 dormitories), Titu Maiorescu (4 dormitories), Târguşor-Copou (4 dormitories), Codrescu (5 dormitories and the international complex) and Agronomy (2 dormitories).

One also finds in Iaşi the church of the Three Hiérarques, a testimony of the esthetic tastes of the large sovereign Basile the Wolf ('' Vasile Lupu ''), the Cathedral of Métropolite, the Palate of the Culture, the Pogor House with the Table of the Umbrellas , the alleys of Copou with scents of limes and the echoes of the poem of Eminescu the Lime , without forgetting the museum Mihai Eminescu, the houses mémoriales " Mihail Sadoveanu ", " George Toparceanu " , " Mihail Codreanu ", " Otilia Cazimir ", and the college library " Mihai Eminescu".

Personalities

In Iaşi lived or were formed of the men like the métropolites Varlaam and Dosoftei, the chroniclers Grigore Ureche, Miron Costin, Nicolae Milescu Spătarul and Ion Neculce, the scientist of European fame Dimitrie Cantemir. From here rose Gheorghe Asachi, Mihail Kogalniceanu, Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Vasile Alecsandri, Alecu Russo, A.D. Xenopol, Vasile Conta, Titu Maiorescu, Mihai Eminescu, Ion Creangă, George Ibrăileanu, Mihail Sadoveanu, Nicolae Iorga, Marian Râlea, Dr. C.I. Parhon, Horia Hulubei, gr. Cobalcescu, Petru Poni, Radu Cernătescu, Otilia Cazimir, Ionel Teodoreanu, Costache Negruzzi, Alexandru Philippide, Theodor Pallady and Emil Racoviţă. The only Roumanian who received a Nobel Prize, George Emil Palade, was born in Iaşi.

  • Dimitrie Cantemir, prince of Moldavie, adviser of the tsar Pierre Large the and erudite European, member of the Academy of Science of Berlin at the XVIIIe century

  • Florica Musicescu pianist and pedagog
  • Constantin Negruzzi, born in Iaşi in 1808, first Rumanian great writer epic
  • Emil Racovita, born with Iaşi, biologist and explorer beside Amundsen, founder of the Biospéléologie
  • Petru Poni, founder of the Rumanian school of Chemistry at the 19th century
  • Ion Ionescu of Brad, established the bases of the Agrotechnic sciences in Romania, at the beginning of the 19th century
  • Emil Pangrati, founder of the Rumanian school of Architecture
  • Dimitrie Sturdza, prince born in Iaşi, Prime Minister of Romania (1901-1906)
  • Anatol Vieru, born with Iaşi, one of the largest Rumanian type-setters of the XXe century
  • George Emil Palade, erudite American, born with Iaşi, Nobel Prize of Medicine in 1974
  • Adrian Marino, born with Iaşi, price Herder in 1985, critical arts person
  • Mihai-Razvan Ungureanu, born with Iaşi, Foreign Minister since 2005
  • Daniel Pancu, born with Iaşi, Professional footballer currently evolving/moving with Bursaspor
  • daN Hanganu, born with Iaşi, Canadian architect.
  • Benjamin Fondane, born Benjamin Wechsler on November 14th, 1898 with Iaşi, dead gauze with Auschwitz-Birkenau on October 3rd, 1944. Poet, philosophical, French playwright of Rumanian origin.
  • Dubi Zeltzer type-setter israëlien

Tourist places

  • the Palate of the Culture
  • Métropolie de Moldavie and of Bucovine
  • the National theater
  • the Palate Roznovanu
  • the Monastery of the Three Saints Hiérarques
  • the Dosoftei House - the Church Saint Nicolas Domnesc
  • the Church Bărboi
  • the Monastery Golia
  • the University Central Library
  • the University Alexandre Jean Cuza
  • the Park Copou
  • the Botanical garden
  • the Monastery Cetăţuia
  • Bojdeuca Ion Creangă

External bonds

  • Web site " Iaşi"
  • Web site " Iaşi online"
  • Town hall
  • Chart of the city
  • the local newspaper

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