| |

../. | sixth century BC | fifth century BC | fourth century BC | third century BC | second century BC | ../.

Years -390 | Years -380 | Years -370 | Years -360 | Years -350
Years -340 | Years -330 | Years -320 | Years -310 | Years -300

See also: List of the centuries, Roman numerals ----

Events

America

  • Blooming of the culture of Chavín of Huantar, with the Peru: great sacerdotal complex with temple and pertaining to worship objects.

Africa

  • Nubian Kingdom of Méroé.

  • Foundation of the kingdom of Aksoum in Ethiopia by the kings of Sheba (). Sabéens, Minéens and Homérites arrive of the kingdoms of Arabia Heureuse (Yemen) between 1000 and 400 av. J. - C.

ancient Egypt

  • XXIX {{E}} and XXX {{E}} dynasties
  • ancient Egypt, Persian Dynasty
  • Conquest of Egypt by Alexandre Large the
  • Beginning of the Dynasty of Ptolémées

the Middle East

  • In Persian, the Sassanides succeeds the Achéménides
  • After its conquest by Alexandre Large the, the Palestine and the other provinces of the old Persian empire are hellénisent gradually, of many Greeks settle there and their culture deeply influences the fields economic, social, philosophical but also religious.
  • the Jewish community becomes minority in Palestine, more especially as many Jews leave to settle in the many cities of the empire, since the Black Sea until the Aegean Sea, but especially in the new capital of Alexandria. These migrations take such an importance that one indicated them under the collective name of Diaspora (in Greek, “dispersion”).
  • Foundation of multiple cities bearing the name of Alexandria and Kandahar by Alexandre Large the.
  • Apogee of the town of Sheba, current the Mareb, in the Hadramaout (Yemen), between 400 and 200 av. J. - C.

Asia

  • In central India, the Mâlvâ is conquered by the Maurya: end of the kingdom Avantî.

  • In China, it is the end of the Period of springs and the autumns and the beginning of the period of the Royaumes combatants. Many States of north start to build walls at their borders. This practice finds its expression supreme with the construction of the great wall built after the year 221 av. J. - C. on more 1  600 km.

Europe

Celtic world

  • Extension of the Celtic : catch of Rome in 390 av. J. - C. and plundering of Delphes; Boïens settle in Italy.
  • the Celts settle in Gaulle cisalpine while passing by the collars of the Alps (Lingons, Cenomans with Brescia, Vérone and Crémone, Boïens with Bologna, Vénètes in Venezia and in the north of the It, Sénons, arrived the last).
  • the Boïens are established in Bohemia. The Celts occupy at the 4th century the North-West of the Hungary, the south-west of the Slovakia and part of the Transylvania.
  • the Celts of Bohemia-Moravie occupy high the Silesia and Small the Poland of Cracow.
  • Mentions of Roman sources of the Celtic tribe of Cotini, in Slovakia, specialized in the work of iron.
  • the Bretons settle in England and Scotland where they mix with the Iberian bottom (agrarian and metallurgical culture attested to the II E).
  • the Celtes Gaëls invade the Ireland and subject the Pictes to north and the Erainn (Eire) in the south.
  • the Scots are Irish Celts who plunder the coasts of Great Britain and de Gaulle. They will emigrate at the 5th century apr. J. - C. in Calédonie (Kingdom of Dalriada).

Scandinavia

  • Age of Celtic Iron in (end in 1 av. J. - C.)
  • Strong influence of Celtic civilization, especially with the Denmark. This influence is visible in clothing (port of braies), onomastics, art and the religion.
  • the Scandinavians acquire the technology of iron and extract the ore from their marshes (myrmalm, in Swedish). Increasing importance of the boat in all the fields.
  • Cooling of the climate. The population is less dense and is impoverished. It is not excluded that it migrates towards the south.
  • the gardens surrounding the houses are encircled of a fence. The culture of rye and the oats is spread.
  • collective Burials ( Skibsaetninger ) surmounted raised stones drawing a hull of boats and being able to contain some 100 corpses.
  • Man of Tollund, corpse preserved in the peat at the Denmark, died towards -350. The man was garrotté. Its intact fingers suggest the absence of manual work, therefore a man of high ranking (fine 3rd century).

Poland

  • Civilization lusacian attested with Biskupin, quoted strengthened protoslave of Poland.
  • the Civilization poméranienne is diffused starting from 400 av. J. - C., starting from the Silesia, in the area of Poznań in Large Poland and in the area of Cracow in Small Poland. Exit undoubtedly of the preceding one (600 av. J. - C.), but influenced by the Celts and them It, it is characterized by tombs with “faces” or “small houses”, which evoke the Etruscans.

Greek world

Roman world

  • Development of the capacity of the powerful orators of the plebs, which threaten to paralyze the institutions of the ancient Rome in order to obtain more political rights for the Plèbe.
  • the Lucanie NS overcome the coalition of the Greek cities of the littoral.

Significant characters

  • In Greece:

    • Plato (Athens, 427 - id., 347 av. J. - C.) founds the Académie with Athens.
    • Aristote (384 - 322 av. J. - C.) founds the Lycée with Athens.
    • Alexandre Large the
    • Timoléon, general
    • Callippos, astronomer with Cyzique.
    • Théopompe, speaker and historian. Dinarque, speaker of the party Macedonian to Athens.
    • Nausiphanès, philosopher nuclear physicist of Téos. Aristippe “Cyrénaïque”, philosophizes hedonist. Zoïle, sophist. Ménippe, philosopher and Cynical poet . Phédon, disciple of Socrate.
    • Calls, painter and Lysippe, sculptor, official portraitists of Alexandre Large the.
    • Protogénès, painter carien with Rhodos and Athens. Praxitèle, Athenian sculptor, lover of the hétaïre Phryné. Scopas of Paros, sculptor.

Techniques

  • In China:
    • Invention of the crossbow.
    • Invention of the dental leading

  • In Korea, invention of the underfloor heating known as ondol . Introduction of the work of iron.

  • In Greece:

    • discovered heating by Hypocauste
    • Diophante discovers the equations diophantiennes
    • Épuisement of the money mines of the Laurion which ensured of the important incomes Athens
    • Découverte first Antipyrétique by Hippocrates.

  • In Gaulle, Armorican ceramics inspired of the italo-Celtic productions of bronze crockery to the stamped reasons.

    • the Celts generalize the use of iron, hitherto a noble metal and that of the pottery to the turn.
    • the First testimonys of the Celtic art of British Isles (IVe-3rd century).

  • In Africa:

    • spectacular development of the extraction and the use of iron with Méroé (400 - 350 av. J. - C.). Starting from this center, the iron and steel techniques are spread towards north in Egypt, towards the south to the marsh of Soudd, towards the west in direction of the Lac Chad.
    • Metallurgy of iron in the west of the Lake Victoria, in Western Tanzania and with the Ruanda. Brick furnaces are used to produce a steel rich in carbon. In the east, the pastors of the Rift Valley continue to use stone tools during one millenium.

Culture and religions

  • In China, the thought of the legists place the man in the center of the universe.

  • In Greece:

  • In India, composition of Nyaya Sutra by Gautama Aksapada
  • In Mésopotamie, drafting of the Canticle of the canticles which is added to the Bible.
  • In Palestine, drafting of the Chronic by an unknown author, called Chroniste. It does not fear to modify the traditions to insist on the idea of personal liabilities.

  • At the 4th century, a new culture adapted to the transformations of the company, is installation at Rome. It nourishes traditional Greek world by the relay of Tarente and Syracuse and definite like “ is koiné ”. One attends the resumption of great urban achievements, with the construction of crowned or public buildings and urban infrastructures. The individual memorials of the large generals or members of the leading class multiply. The painters and the sculptors represent the narrations of LMBO Gestæ and the figures symbolic systems of the statute of magistrate. This culture of “ koiné ” enters in crisis as of the 3rd century, but is exported however in the provinces and perdure until the empire.

  • the Viereckschanzen (enclosed square) are quadrangular sanctuaries, delimited by one or more ditches or a lifting of ground, used by the Celtes between of the center of the France until in Bohemia and Moravie. Installations interior, complex, seem to obey no rule. Only smallest (approximately 60 m length) vestiges of construction in their central surface reserved for the ceremonies contain. Pertaining to worship wells are sometimes dug there.

Nds-nl: 4th eeuw v. Chr.

Random links:Regional express transport | Charles Russell | Processing center of alarm | Ministry for Foreign Affairs under the Revolution | Basilisca paid

© 2007-2008 speedlook.com; article text available under the terms of GFDL, from fr.wikipedia.org